Intercropping cactus and sorghum under agroecological transition and water restriction increases the water productivity of the system regardless of the arrangement of the genotypes

IF 3.9 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113604

Thieres George Freire da Silva , Eli Lino de Jesus , Marine Cirino Grossi Reis , Annik Frasso Corrêa Klink , George do Nascimento Araújo Júnior , Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz Jardim , Cleber Pereira Alves , José Edson Florentino de Morais , Carlos André Alves de Souza , Agda Raiany Mota dos Santos , Gabriel Ítalo Novaes da Silva , Jandis Ferreira Nunes de Araújo , Leonardo Francelino de Souza , Kaique Renan da Silva Salvador , Marcelo José da Silva , João Pedro Alves de Souza Santos , Wilma Roberta dos Santos , Fleming Sena Campos , Marcos Vinícius da Silva , Giovanna de Souza Sá Nascimento , Luciana Sandra Bastos de Souza

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Abstract

The agroecological transition is an important step in changing from a conventional to agroecological production system. The cactus-sorghum intercropping can be recommended for the agroecological transition in a semi-arid environment depending on the cultivation configuration, that is, the type of forage cactus clone and sorghum cultivar. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of intercropping forage cactus clones (Nopaleae spp. and Opuntia spp.) with sorghum cultivars (Sorghum bicolor) on water use efficiency compared with single crops, to recommend the use of intercropping systems in conventional production units under agroecological transition. The study was conducted in the district of Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brazil over three crop seasons between 2017 and 2022, using cactus clones and sorghum cultivars in single-crop and intercropping configurations. The forage cactus clones evaluated were: IPA Sertania (IPA, Nopalea cochenillifera), Miuda (MIU, Nopalea cochenillifera), and Orelha de Elefante Mexicana (OEM, Opuntia stricta), while the sorghum cultivars evaluated were IPA 467, IPA SF11 and IPA 2502. The components of the soil water balance and dry matter yield were determined to calculate the following water indices: water use efficiency (WUE), water productivity of the production system (WPc_R+ID), crop water productivity (WP_CETa), and irrigation water productivity (WP_ID). Including sorghum and cactus production system under water deficit increased the water productivity of the system due to the increase in dry matter (616 %). Regardless of the cactus clone or sorghum cultivar, there was an increase of 593 % in terms of WPc_R+ID, 597 % in terms of WP_CETa and 593 % in terms of WP_ID, with little reduction in WUE (−2 %). The intercropping systems comprising the OEM clone and sorghum 288, OEM clone and sorghum 467, and the IPA clone and sorghum 467 showed a high level of crop water productivity due to the reduction in actual evapotranspiration. It can therefore be said that optimising the use of water in cactus systems under agroecological transition and water restriction depends on the type of cactus clone and sorghum cultivar.

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在农业生态转型和限水条件下，仙人掌和高粱间作，无论基因型如何排列，都能提高系统的水分生产率

农业生态过渡是从传统生产系统向农业生态生产系统转变的重要一步。仙人掌-高粱间作可以推荐用于半干旱环境下的农业生态过渡，这取决于栽培配置，即仙人掌克隆和高粱栽培品种的类型。本研究旨在评估饲料仙人掌克隆（Nopaleae 属和 Opuntia 属）与高粱栽培品种（Sorghum bicolor）间作与单一作物间作对水利用效率的影响，从而建议在农业生态转型期的常规生产单元中使用间作系统。这项研究在巴西伯南布哥州塞拉塔尔哈达地区进行，历时三个作物季节（2017 年至 2022 年），采用仙人掌克隆品种和高粱栽培品种的单作和间作配置。接受评估的仙人掌饲料克隆品种有评估的仙人掌克隆品种有：IPA Sertania（IPA，Nopalea cochenillifera）、Miuda（MIU，Nopalea cochenillifera）和 Orelha de Elefante Mexicana（OEM，Opuntia stricta）；高粱栽培品种有：IPA 467、IPA SF11 和 IPA 2502。通过测定土壤水分平衡和干物质产量，计算出以下水分指数：水分利用效率（WUE）、生产系统水分生产率（WPcR+ID）、作物水分生产率（WPCETa）和灌溉水生产率（WPID）。在缺水条件下，高粱和仙人掌生产系统的干物质增加（616%），从而提高了系统的水分生产率。无论仙人掌克隆或高粱栽培品种如何，WPcR+ID 增加了 593%，WPCETa 增加了 597%，WPID 增加了 593%，而 WUE 几乎没有减少（-2%）。由 OEM 克隆和高粱 288、OEM 克隆和高粱 467 以及 IPA 克隆和高粱 467 组成的间作系统由于实际蒸散量减少而显示出较高的作物水分生产率。因此可以说，在农业生态转型和限水条件下，仙人掌系统如何优化用水取决于仙人掌克隆和高粱栽培品种的类型。

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来源期刊

Scientia Horticulturae 农林科学-园艺

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

4.70%

发文量

796

审稿时长

47 days

期刊介绍： Scientia Horticulturae is an international journal publishing research related to horticultural crops. Articles in the journal deal with open or protected production of vegetables, fruits, edible fungi and ornamentals under temperate, subtropical and tropical conditions. Papers in related areas (biochemistry, micropropagation, soil science, plant breeding, plant physiology, phytopathology, etc.) are considered, if they contain information of direct significance to horticulture. Papers on the technical aspects of horticulture (engineering, crop processing, storage, transport etc.) are accepted for publication only if they relate directly to the living product. In the case of plantation crops, those yielding a product that may be used fresh (e.g. tropical vegetables, citrus, bananas, and other fruits) will be considered, while those papers describing the processing of the product (e.g. rubber, tobacco, and quinine) will not. The scope of the journal includes all horticultural crops but does not include speciality crops such as, medicinal crops or forestry crops, such as bamboo. Basic molecular studies without any direct application in horticulture will not be considered for this journal.