Proanthocyanidins as the marker of amomum fruit from three botanical origins based on comprehensive profiling with LC–MS and GC–MS combined with chemometrics

IF 3 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS
Kai Deng, Huali Long, Qingqing He, Jinjun Hou, Zijia Zhang, Jing Zhou, Yang Zhou, Minmin Shen, Qiang Yan, Wanying Wu
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Abstract

IntroductionAmomum fruit, also known as Sharen, serves as both a functional food and a traditional Chinese medicine with significant pharmacological activities. However, there are three botanical origins of Amomum fruit: Amomum villosum Lour. (AVL), Amomum villosum Lour. var. xanthioides T. L. (AVX), and Amomum longiligulare T. L. Wu (ALW).ObjectiveConducting a comprehensive chemical composition analysis of Amomum fruit from three botanical origins aims to identify potential differences in metabolic characteristics.MethodsTo annotate the metabolic characteristic ions of multi‐origin Amomum fruit, we employed metabolomic techniques, including ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with linear ion trap‐Orbitrap–tandem mass spectrometry (MS) and gas chromatography–MS, in conjunction with feature‐based molecular networking technology. Additionally, chemometrics was utilized to examine the correlations between the various botanical origins.ResultsA total of 201 non‐volatile and 151 volatile metabolites were annotated, and most of the proanthocyanidins and flavonoids were identified by feature‐based molecular networking. Additionally, 61 non‐volatile and 45 volatile feature ions were screened out for classification. Principal component analysis, orthogonal projection to latent structures discrimination analysis, and heat map analysis were employed to clearly distinguish the metabolite profiles of Amomum fruit from different origins. Hierarchical clustering analysis indicated that proanthocyanidins C1 and C2, as well as proanthocyanins oligomers, show significant differential expression between AVX and AVL, which could be the new quality markers for the classification.ConclusionClassification of the botanical origin of Amomum fruit based on LC–MS characteristic ions proved to be more advantageous. This study introduces new strategies and technical support for the quality control of Amomum fruit and facilitates the identification of unknown compounds for future research.
基于 LC-MS 和 GC-MS 结合化学计量学的综合分析,将原花青素作为三种植物产地的珙桐果实的标志物
引言 苦杏仁又名砂仁,既是一种功能性食品,也是一种具有重要药理作用的传统中药。然而,Amomum 果实有三个植物学来源:Amomum villosum Lour.(AVL), Amomum villosum Lour. var.方法为了注释多产地金丝桃果实的代谢特征离子,我们采用了代谢组学技术,包括超高效液相色谱-线性离子阱-轨道阱-串联质谱和气相色谱-质谱,并结合基于特征的分子网络技术。结果 共对 201 种非挥发性代谢物和 151 种挥发性代谢物进行了注释,并通过基于特征的分子网络技术鉴定出了大部分原花青素和黄酮类化合物。此外,还筛选出 61 个非挥发性和 45 个挥发性特征离子用于分类。通过主成分分析、正交投影潜结构判别分析和热图分析,可以清楚地区分不同产地的杜仲果实的代谢物特征。层次聚类分析表明,原花青素 C1 和 C2 以及原花青素低聚物在 AVX 和 AVL 之间有显著的表达差异,可作为新的质量标记进行分类。这项研究为杜仲果实的质量控制提供了新的策略和技术支持,并为今后研究未知化合物的鉴定提供了便利。
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来源期刊
Phytochemical Analysis
Phytochemical Analysis 生物-分析化学
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
6.10%
发文量
88
审稿时长
1.7 months
期刊介绍: Phytochemical Analysis is devoted to the publication of original articles concerning the development, improvement, validation and/or extension of application of analytical methodology in the plant sciences. The spectrum of coverage is broad, encompassing methods and techniques relevant to the detection (including bio-screening), extraction, separation, purification, identification and quantification of compounds in plant biochemistry, plant cellular and molecular biology, plant biotechnology, the food sciences, agriculture and horticulture. The Journal publishes papers describing significant novelty in the analysis of whole plants (including algae), plant cells, tissues and organs, plant-derived extracts and plant products (including those which have been partially or completely refined for use in the food, agrochemical, pharmaceutical and related industries). All forms of physical, chemical, biochemical, spectroscopic, radiometric, electrometric, chromatographic, metabolomic and chemometric investigations of plant products (monomeric species as well as polymeric molecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates) are included within the remit of the Journal. Papers dealing with novel methods relating to areas such as data handling/ data mining in plant sciences will also be welcomed.
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