Criminality, foreignness, and illness stereotypes underlie racial minorities' social identity threat wearing different face masks during COVID-19.

IF 3.2 2区心理学 Q1 ETHNIC STUDIES

Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI:10.1037/cdp0000676

Kimberly Barsamian Kahn,Emma E L Money,Aeleah M Granger,Jared Cutler,Sage Fuentes

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE During the COVID-19 pandemic, Black and Asian, compared to White, people experienced unique social identity threats (SITs) while wearing face masks (Kahn & Money, 2022). This study examines specific racial stereotypes (criminality, foreignness, illness) and mask types (bandanas, surgical masks, maskless) that underlie SIT while wearing masks and their effect on safety. METHOD Black, Asian, and White participants (N = 591) completed a cross-sectional survey about SIT experiences wearing different face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS Results demonstrated that criminality, foreignness, and illness stereotypes each mediated the effects of race on SITs while masked. Criminality stereotypes were generally the strongest. Black individuals were most concerned with being stereotyped as criminals when wearing masks, particularly bandanas. Asian individuals feared being stereotyped as foreign while masked,mostly with surgical masks, compared to Black and White individuals. Black and Asian, compared to White, people reported fears of being perceived as ill with COVID-19 when wearing masks. In a parallel mediation, criminal stereotypes and SIT while masked mediated the relationship between race and anticipated interactions with police. CONCLUSION In the United States, Black and Asian individuals weigh concerns for their health along with safety in the face of race-based stereotypes that wearing masks prime. Racial minorities' safety during viral pandemics necessitates remediating these societal biases. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

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在 COVID-19 期间，犯罪、外国人身份和疾病刻板印象是佩戴不同口罩的少数种族面临社会身份威胁的原因。

目标在 COVID-19 大流行期间，与白人相比，黑人和亚裔在佩戴口罩时经历了独特的社会身份威胁（SIT）（Kahn & Money，2022 年）。本研究探讨了特定种族刻板印象（犯罪、异国情调、疾病）和面具类型（头巾、外科口罩、无面具）对戴面具时的社会身份威胁的基础及其对安全的影响。结果表明，犯罪、异国情调和疾病刻板印象分别对戴面具时的社会身份威胁的种族影响起到了中介作用。犯罪刻板印象通常是最强烈的。黑人最担心戴面具（尤其是头巾）时被定型为罪犯。与黑人和白人相比，亚裔人在戴口罩（主要是外科口罩）时担心被定型为外国人。与白人相比，黑人和亚裔在戴口罩时担心被认为患有 COVID-19。在平行调解中，戴口罩时的犯罪刻板印象和 SIT 调解了种族与预期与警察互动之间的关系。在病毒流行期间，少数种族的安全问题需要纠正这些社会偏见。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。

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来源期刊

Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology Multiple-

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

6.10%

发文量

101

期刊介绍： Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology seeks to publish theoretical, conceptual, research, and case study articles that promote the development of knowledge and understanding, application of psychological principles, and scholarly analysis of social–political forces affecting racial and ethnic minorities.