Wild asparaguses as a rich source of bioactive compounds: Biogeographic, intra- and interspecific variability

Abstract

spears are a widely renowned vegetable, known for their taste and nutritional value, alongside many benefits for human health. However, wild species are understudied, although they are widely consumed in traditional cuisine. Here, we focus on cultivated () and wild ( and ) species from Slovenia. We described in detail the external morphology and quality parameters, as well as the primary and secondary metabolism using HPLC and/or MS/MS systems, and their variation among species, spear portions, and geographical location. We found many significant differences between these factors, especially between species, where the wild species show low sugar and high phenolic content. Therefore, native species of could be considered promising alternatives rich in bioactive compounds. This knowledge is vital not only as a basis for future research in this genus, but also for optimizing dietary recommendations, food processing methods, biodiversity conservation efforts, sustainable agriculture practices, and future breeding efforts.