{"title":"Manejo en atención primaria de las infecciones de transmisión sexual (III). Hepatitis víricas e infección por el VIH","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aprim.2024.103048","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Routinely obtaining a sexual history is a necessary first step to identify which patients have specific sexual behaviours that may put them at risk and use appropriate protective measures, especially in vulnerable populations. However, late diagnosis of HIV infection remains very high. Combination prevention strategies based on condom promotion, harm reduction programs for people who inject drugs plus PrEP and HIV PEP are the best options to prevent new infections. Screening for STIs (including hepatotropic viruses) and early diagnosis and treatment are essential for the person since it improves the prognosis and complications and also for the community because it breaks the chain of transmission. People living with HIV who have an undetectable viral load do not transmit the virus sexually (undetectable=untransmittable).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55435,"journal":{"name":"Atencion Primaria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0212656724001902/pdfft?md5=b04dd3a5f7129cd70621fcccf58af7d8&pid=1-s2.0-S0212656724001902-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Atencion Primaria","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0212656724001902","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Routinely obtaining a sexual history is a necessary first step to identify which patients have specific sexual behaviours that may put them at risk and use appropriate protective measures, especially in vulnerable populations. However, late diagnosis of HIV infection remains very high. Combination prevention strategies based on condom promotion, harm reduction programs for people who inject drugs plus PrEP and HIV PEP are the best options to prevent new infections. Screening for STIs (including hepatotropic viruses) and early diagnosis and treatment are essential for the person since it improves the prognosis and complications and also for the community because it breaks the chain of transmission. People living with HIV who have an undetectable viral load do not transmit the virus sexually (undetectable=untransmittable).
例行了解性史是必要的第一步，这样可以确定哪些患者有可能使其面临风险的特殊性行为，并采取适当的保护措施，尤其是在易感人群中。然而，艾滋病毒感染的晚期诊断率仍然很高。基于安全套推广、针对注射毒品者的减低伤害计划以及 PrEP 和 HIV PEP 的综合预防策略是预防新感染的最佳选择。性传播感染（包括肝病病毒）筛查以及早期诊断和治疗对个人至关重要，因为这可以改善预后和并发症，对社区也至关重要，因为这可以切断传播链。病毒载量检测不到的艾滋病毒感染者不会通过性途径传播病毒（检测不到=不会传播）。
期刊介绍：
Atención Primaria es una revista que publica trabajos de investigación relativos al ámbito de la atención primaria de salud. Desde el punto de vista conceptual, Atención Primaria asume el nuevo modelo de atención primaria de salud, orientado no sólo a la curación de la enfermedad, sino también a su prevención y a la promoción de la salud, tanto en el plano individual como en el de la familia y la comunidad. En estos nuevos aspectos que definen el modelo de atención primaria de salud es en los que se centran los trabajos de investigación que publica Atención Primaria, la primera revista de originales española creada para recoger y difundir la producción científica realizada desde los centros de atención primaria de salud sobre cuestiones como protocolización de la asistencia, programas de prevención, seguimiento y control de pacientes crónicos, organización y gestión de la asistencia primaria, entre otros.
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