Optical coherence tomography angiography of the retina and choroid in systemic diseases

IF 18.6 1区 医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY
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Abstract

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has transformed ocular vascular imaging, revealing microvascular changes linked to various systemic diseases. This review explores its applications in diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. While OCTA provides a valuable window into the body's microvasculature, interpreting the findings can be complex. Additionally, challenges exist due to the relative non-specificity of its findings where changes observed in OCTA might not be unique to a specific disease, variations between OCTA machines, the lack of a standardized normative database for comparison, and potential image artifacts. Despite these limitations, OCTA holds immense potential for the future. The review highlights promising advancements like quantitative analysis of OCTA images, integration of artificial intelligence for faster and more accurate interpretation, and multi-modal imaging combining OCTA with other techniques for a more comprehensive characterization of the ocular vasculature. Furthermore, OCTA's potential future role in personalized medicine, enabling tailored treatment plans based on individual OCTA findings, community screening programs for early disease detection, and longitudinal studies tracking disease progression over time is also discussed. In conclusion, OCTA presents a significant opportunity to improve our understanding and management of systemic diseases. Addressing current limitations and pursuing these exciting future directions can solidify OCTA as an indispensable tool for diagnosis, monitoring disease progression, and potentially guiding treatment decisions across various systemic health conditions.

系统性疾病中视网膜和脉络膜的光学相干断层血管造影。
光学相干断层血管成像(OCTA)改变了眼部血管成像,揭示了与各种系统性疾病相关的微血管变化。这篇综述探讨了它在糖尿病、高血压、心血管疾病和神经退行性疾病中的应用。虽然 OCTA 为观察人体微血管提供了一个宝贵的窗口,但解释这些发现可能很复杂。此外,由于 OCTA 研究结果的相对非特异性(在 OCTA 中观察到的变化可能并非特定疾病所独有)、OCTA 机器之间的差异、缺乏用于比较的标准化标准数据库以及潜在的图像伪影等原因,OCTA 的研究也面临着挑战。尽管存在这些局限性,OCTA 在未来仍有巨大潜力。这篇综述强调了一些很有前景的进展,如对 OCTA 图像进行定量分析,整合人工智能以实现更快、更准确的解读,以及将 OCTA 与其他技术相结合的多模式成像,以更全面地描述眼部血管的特征。此外,还讨论了 OCTA 未来在个性化医疗中的潜在作用,即根据个人的 OCTA 检查结果、社区早期疾病检测筛查计划和随时间推移跟踪疾病进展的纵向研究,提供量身定制的治疗方案。总之,OCTA 为提高我们对全身性疾病的认识和管理提供了一个重要机会。解决目前的局限性并寻求这些令人兴奋的未来发展方向,可以使 OCTA 成为诊断、监测疾病进展和指导各种系统性健康问题治疗决策的不可或缺的工具。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
34.10
自引率
5.10%
发文量
78
期刊介绍: Progress in Retinal and Eye Research is a Reviews-only journal. By invitation, leading experts write on basic and clinical aspects of the eye in a style appealing to molecular biologists, neuroscientists and physiologists, as well as to vision researchers and ophthalmologists. The journal covers all aspects of eye research, including topics pertaining to the retina and pigment epithelial layer, cornea, tears, lacrimal glands, aqueous humour, iris, ciliary body, trabeculum, lens, vitreous humour and diseases such as dry-eye, inflammation, keratoconus, corneal dystrophy, glaucoma and cataract.
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