Deciphering the microbial map and its implications in the therapeutics of neurodegenerative disorder

IF 12.5 1区 医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY
Shrutikirti Vashishth , Rashmi K. Ambasta , Pravir Kumar
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Every facet of biological anthropology, including development, ageing, diseases, and even health maintenance, is influenced by gut microbiota’s significant genetic and metabolic capabilities. With current advancements in sequencing technology and with new culture-independent approaches, researchers can surpass older correlative studies and develop mechanism-based studies on microbiome-host interactions. The microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) regulates glial functioning, making it a possible target for the improvement of development and advancement of treatments for neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). The gut-brain axis (GBA) is accountable for the reciprocal communication between the gastrointestinal and central nervous system, which plays an essential role in the regulation of physiological processes like controlling hunger, metabolism, and various gastrointestinal functions. Lately, studies have discovered the function of the gut microbiome for brain health—different microbiota through different pathways such as immunological, neurological and metabolic pathways. Additionally, we review the involvement of the neurotransmitters and the gut hormones related to gut microbiota. We also explore the MGBA in neurodegenerative disorders by focusing on metabolites. Further, targeting the blood-brain barrier (BBB), intestinal barrier, meninges, and peripheral immune system is investigated. Lastly, we discuss the therapeutics approach and evaluate the pre-clinical and clinical trial data regarding using prebiotics, probiotics, paraprobiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, personalised medicine, and natural food bioactive in NDDs. A comprehensive study of the GBA will felicitate the creation of efficient therapeutic approaches for treating different NDDs.

解密微生物图谱及其对神经退行性疾病治疗的影响。
生物人类学的方方面面,包括发育、衰老、疾病甚至健康维护,都受到肠道微生物群重要的遗传和代谢能力的影响。随着目前测序技术的进步和新的独立于培养的方法的出现,研究人员可以超越以往的相关研究,对微生物群与宿主的相互作用开展基于机制的研究。微生物群-肠-脑轴(MGBA)调节神经胶质细胞的功能,使其成为改善神经退行性疾病(NDDs)开发和治疗的可能目标。肠脑轴(GBA)负责胃肠道和中枢神经系统之间的相互沟通,在调节饥饿、新陈代谢和各种胃肠道功能等生理过程中发挥着重要作用。最近,研究发现了肠道微生物群对大脑健康的功能--不同的微生物群通过不同的途径,如免疫、神经和代谢途径。此外,我们还回顾了与肠道微生物群相关的神经递质和肠道激素的参与。我们还以代谢物为重点,探讨了 MGBA 在神经退行性疾病中的作用。此外,我们还研究了针对血脑屏障(BBB)、肠道屏障、脑膜和外周免疫系统的研究。最后,我们讨论了治疗方法,并评估了有关在 NDDs 中使用益生菌、益生菌、副益生菌、粪便微生物群移植、个性化医疗和天然食品生物活性的临床前和临床试验数据。对 GBA 的全面研究将有助于创造治疗不同 NDD 的高效疗法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Ageing Research Reviews
Ageing Research Reviews 医学-老年医学
CiteScore
19.80
自引率
2.30%
发文量
216
审稿时长
55 days
期刊介绍: With the rise in average human life expectancy, the impact of ageing and age-related diseases on our society has become increasingly significant. Ageing research is now a focal point for numerous laboratories, encompassing leaders in genetics, molecular and cellular biology, biochemistry, and behavior. Ageing Research Reviews (ARR) serves as a cornerstone in this field, addressing emerging trends. ARR aims to fill a substantial gap by providing critical reviews and viewpoints on evolving discoveries concerning the mechanisms of ageing and age-related diseases. The rapid progress in understanding the mechanisms controlling cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival is unveiling new insights into the regulation of ageing. From telomerase to stem cells, and from energy to oxyradical metabolism, we are witnessing an exciting era in the multidisciplinary field of ageing research. The journal explores the cellular and molecular foundations of interventions that extend lifespan, such as caloric restriction. It identifies the underpinnings of manipulations that extend lifespan, shedding light on novel approaches for preventing age-related diseases. ARR publishes articles on focused topics selected from the expansive field of ageing research, with a particular emphasis on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the aging process. This includes age-related diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. The journal also covers applications of basic ageing research to lifespan extension and disease prevention, offering a comprehensive platform for advancing our understanding of this critical field.
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