Comparative review of urban geometric parameters and their uses in outdoor thermal environment studies

IF 3.9 2区 社会学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES
Jian Zhang , Fan Zhang , Lin Jiang , Wei Guo , Qi Cao , Manjiang Shi , Aoyan Xiao
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Abstract

A significant proportion of the world's population is currently experiencing heat stress. This results from the effects of global warming, urban heat islands (UHIs), and the growth of urban populations. Researchers have investigated multiple strategies to address this problem. It has been found that the outdoor thermal environment (OTE) can be modified by means of vegetation, water surfaces, and urban geometry. Several studies have indicated that certain geometric factors have demonstrated a higher degree of effectiveness in cooling the surrounding environment. OTE studies often employ two commonly utilised factors, known as urban geometry indicating parameters (UGPs)—the sky view factor (SVF) and height-to-width ratio (H/W). This article compares OTE studies focusing on these two factors. The comparison encompasses characteristics such as study methods, places and times of conducting, and thermal indices. The findings indicate that geometric studies have primarily relied on simulation and field measurement methods. These studies were predominantly conducted in tropical or subtropical cities during warm seasons, with a preference for daytime investigations. Complex thermal indices, including the physiologically equivalent temperature and mean radiant temperature, were commonly employed. In addition to UGPs, other physical factors, such as orientation, were also taken into consideration. Studies on H/W and SVF differed slightly although they are both geometrically indicative. This review can provide guidance for future studies in the field of urban geometry, in that researchers may choose to prioritise the examination of practical indicators, such as the energy load, to conduct a more comprehensive analysis while also taking into account other physical aspects, such as the presence of trees.

Abstract Image

城市几何参数及其在室外热环境研究中的应用比较综述
目前,世界上有相当一部分人口正经受着热压力。这是全球变暖、城市热岛(UHIs)和城市人口增长的结果。研究人员对解决这一问题的多种策略进行了研究。研究发现,可以通过植被、水面和城市几何形状来改变室外热环境(OTE)。一些研究表明,某些几何因素在冷却周围环境方面具有更高的有效性。OTE 研究通常采用两个常用的因素,即城市几何指示参数 (UGP)--天空视角系数 (SVF) 和高宽比 (H/W)。本文比较了以这两个因素为重点的 OTE 研究。比较包括研究方法、进行地点和时间以及热指数等特征。研究结果表明,几何研究主要依靠模拟和实地测量方法。这些研究主要是在热带或亚热带城市的温暖季节进行的,偏重于白天的调查。通常采用复杂的热指数,包括生理当量温度和平均辐射温度。除 UGPs 外,还考虑了其他物理因素,如朝向。关于 H/W 和 SVF 的研究略有不同,尽管它们都具有几何指示性。本综述可为今后城市几何领域的研究提供指导,研究人员可选择优先考察能源负荷等实际指标,以进行更全面的分析,同时也考虑到树木的存在等其他物理因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
9.50
自引率
4.90%
发文量
45
审稿时长
65 days
期刊介绍: Journal of Urban Management (JUM) is the Official Journal of Zhejiang University and the Chinese Association of Urban Management, an international, peer-reviewed open access journal covering planning, administering, regulating, and governing urban complexity. JUM has its two-fold aims set to integrate the studies across fields in urban planning and management, as well as to provide a more holistic perspective on problem solving. 1) Explore innovative management skills for taming thorny problems that arise with global urbanization 2) Provide a platform to deal with urban affairs whose solutions must be looked at from an interdisciplinary perspective.
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