Enhancing the effects of solarization-based approaches to suppress Verticillium dahliae inocula affecting tomato in greenhouse

IF 4.8 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Ivana Castello , Alessandro D'Emilio , Younes Rezaee Danesh , Alessandro Vitale
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The main concerns regarding the management of soilborne pathogens of vegetable crops through fumigants are due to their detrimental effects on the human health and environment. Due to global restrictions, soil solarization alone or combined with low-impact measures are being re-evaluated as eco-friendly alternatives to replacement of phasing-out or banned fumigants. Three experiments were performed to compare the performance of traditional and innovative films in increasing thermal performance under different partially opened or kept closed greenhouses. The effects of treatment alone or combined with Brassica pellet (Biofence®) incorporation were tested in suppressing microsclerotia of Verticillium dahliae, causing wilt of tomato and vegetable crops. Although inducing different thermal regimes at depths 15 and 30-cm depths, all films were effective in reducing microsclerotia in soil compared to the bare plots under different greenhouse conditions. The performances achieved in closed greenhouse were better than those achieved in greenhouses with the side openings kept open. In these latter conditions, green-colored ethylene-vinyl-acetate (EVA) and uncolored EVA film well performed when combined with Brassica pellet, achieving better results than those obtained in the plots mulched with film or amended alone, respectively. Smoky gray low-density polyethylene (LDPE), followed by uncolored EVA and polyamide virtually impermeable film (PA-VIF) were the most effective in reducing/suppressing V. dahliae microsclerotia within 3-to-8 weeks of treatment in closed greenhouse whereas green EVA showed lesser performance. PA-VIF and EVA green film are attractive since they may be used in combination with biofumigants or left on as mulching for weed control of crops. This paper indicates that sustainable solarization-based approaches with different films alone or integrated with Brassica incorporation can also be successfully pursued against thermo-tolerant pathogens as V. dahliae. Moreover, our findings preliminarily show that the choice of film and treatment duration should be modulated based on the greenhouse operative conditions.

Abstract Image

提高日晒法抑制大丽轮枝菌接种影响温室番茄的效果
通过熏蒸剂管理蔬菜作物的土传病原体的主要问题是其对人类健康和环境的有害影响。由于全球范围的限制,人们正在重新评估土壤日晒本身或与低影响措施相结合,作为替代逐步淘汰或禁用的熏蒸剂的生态友好型替代品。我们进行了三项实验,以比较传统薄膜和创新薄膜在不同的半开放或全封闭温室中提高热性能的效果。测试了单独处理或结合芸苔素颗粒(Biofence®)处理对抑制大丽轮枝菌小圆孢的效果,大丽轮枝菌会导致番茄和蔬菜作物枯萎。虽然在 15 厘米和 30 厘米深处诱导的热量不同,但在不同的温室条件下,与裸露地块相比,所有薄膜都能有效减少土壤中的小圆孢子菌。在封闭温室中取得的效果要好于侧面开口的温室。在后一种条件下,绿色的乙烯-醋酸乙烯(EVA)薄膜和无色的 EVA 薄膜与芸苔素颗粒结合使用时效果很好,分别优于使用薄膜覆盖的地块或仅使用添加剂的地块。在密闭温室中,烟灰色低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、未着色的 EVA 和聚酰胺防渗膜(PA-VIF)在处理后 3 至 8 周内减少/抑制大丽花病毒小圆菌落的效果最好,而绿色 EVA 的效果较差。PA-VIF 和 EVA 绿色薄膜很有吸引力,因为它们可以与生物熏蒸剂结合使用,也可以作为覆盖物用于作物除草。本文表明,基于可持续日晒的方法,单独使用不同的薄膜或将其与芸苔素结合使用,也能成功地防治耐高温病原体(如大丽花病毒)。此外,我们的研究结果初步表明,应根据温室的操作条件来选择薄膜和处理时间。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
2.60%
发文量
193
审稿时长
69 days
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