A comprehensive evaluation of the neurocognitive predictors of problematic alcohol use, eating, pornography, and internet use: A 6-month longitudinal study.

IF 6.6 1区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY
Journal of Behavioral Addictions Pub Date : 2024-08-14 Print Date: 2024-10-04 DOI:10.1556/2006.2024.00041
Erynn Christensen, Lucy Albertella, Samuel R Chamberlain, Chao Suo, Maja Brydevall, Jon E Grant, Murat Yücel, Rico Sze Chun Lee
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and aims: Cognitive control and reward-related abnormalities are centrally implicated in addiction. However, findings from longitudinal studies addressing neurocognitive predictors of addictive behaviors are mixed. Further, little work has been conducted predicting non-substance-related addictive behaviors. Our study aimed to assess predictors of substance and non-substance addictive behaviors in a community sample, systematically evaluating each neurocognitive function's independent influence on addictive behavior.

Methods: Australians (N = 294; 51.7% female; M[SD] age = 24.8[4.7] years) completed online neurocognitive tasks and surveys at baseline and 3-month follow-up. Self-report scales assessed problematic alcohol use, addictive eating (AE), problematic pornography use (PPU), and problematic internet use (PUI) at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Linear regressions with bootstrapping assessed neurocognitive predictors for each addictive behavior across a 6-month period.

Results: Neurocognition at baseline did not predict AE or PUI severity at 6-month follow-up. Less delay discounting at baseline predicted higher PPU at 6-month follow-up (β = -0.16, p = 0.005). Poorer performance monitoring at baseline predicted higher AE at 3-month follow-up (β = -0.16, p = 0.004), and more reward-related attentional capture at 3-months predicted higher AE at 6-month follow-up (β = 0.14, p = 0.033). Less reward-related attentional capture (β = -0.14, p = 0.003) and less risk-taking under ambiguity (β = -0.11, p = 0.029) at baseline predicted higher PUI at 3-month follow-up. All findings were of small effect size. None of the neurocognitive variables predicted problematic alcohol use.

Discussion and conclusions: We were unable to identify a core set of specific neurocognitive functions that reliably predict multiple addictive behavior types. However, our findings indicate both cognitive control and reward-related functions predict non-substance addictive behaviors in different ways. Findings suggest that there may be partially distinct neurocognitive mechanisms contributing to addiction depending on the specific addictive behavior.

对问题性饮酒、饮食、色情和互联网使用的神经认知预测因素进行综合评估:为期 6 个月的纵向研究。
背景和目的:认知控制和奖赏相关异常是导致成瘾的主要原因。然而,针对成瘾行为神经认知预测因素的纵向研究结果不一。此外,预测非物质相关成瘾行为的研究也很少。我们的研究旨在评估社区样本中药物成瘾行为和非药物成瘾行为的预测因素,系统评估每种神经认知功能对成瘾行为的独立影响:澳大利亚人(N = 294;51.7% 为女性;M[SD] 年龄 = 24.8[4.7] 岁)在基线和 3 个月随访期间完成了在线神经认知任务和调查。在 3 个月和 6 个月的随访中,自我报告量表评估了问题性饮酒、成瘾性进食(AE)、问题性色情使用(PPU)和问题性互联网使用(PUI)。通过引导线性回归评估了6个月内每种成瘾行为的神经认知预测因素:结果:基线时的神经认知并不能预测 6 个月随访时 AE 或 PUI 的严重程度。基线时较少的延迟折现预测了 6 个月随访时较高的 PPU(β = -0.16,p = 0.005)。基线时表现监测较差预示着 3 个月随访时 AE 较高(β = -0.16,p = 0.004),3 个月时与奖赏相关的注意捕捉较多预示着 6 个月随访时 AE 较高(β = 0.14,p = 0.033)。基线时与奖赏相关的注意捕捉较少(β = -0.14,p = 0.003),模糊性下的冒险行为较少(β = -0.11,p = 0.029),则预示着 3 个月随访时的 PUI 较高。所有研究结果的影响都很小。没有一个神经认知变量能预测问题酒精的使用:我们无法确定一套能够可靠预测多种成瘾行为类型的核心特定神经认知功能。然而,我们的研究结果表明,认知控制和奖赏相关功能以不同的方式预测非物质成瘾行为。研究结果表明,根据具体的成瘾行为,可能有部分不同的神经认知机制导致成瘾。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
12.30
自引率
7.70%
发文量
91
审稿时长
20 weeks
期刊介绍: The aim of Journal of Behavioral Addictions is to create a forum for the scientific information exchange with regard to behavioral addictions. The journal is a broad focused interdisciplinary one that publishes manuscripts on different approaches of non-substance addictions, research reports focusing on the addictive patterns of various behaviors, especially disorders of the impulsive-compulsive spectrum, and also publishes reviews in these topics. Coverage ranges from genetic and neurobiological research through psychological and clinical psychiatric approaches to epidemiological, sociological and anthropological aspects.
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