Association between dietary diversity changes and frailty among Chinese older adults: findings from a nationwide cohort study.

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Journal Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI:10.1186/s12937-024-00997-3

Xiao-Meng Wang, Wen-Fang Zhong, Yi-Tian Zhang, Jia-Xuan Xiang, Huan Chen, Zhi-Hao Li, Qiao-Qiao Shen, Dong Shen, Wei-Qi Song, Qi Fu, Jian Gao, Zi-Ting Chen, Chuan Li, Jia-Hao Xie, Dan Liu, Yue-Bin Lv, Xiao-Ming Shi, Chen Mao

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Dietary diversity has been suggested as a potential preventive measure against frailty in older adults, but the effect of changes in dietary diversity on frailty is unclear. This study was conducted to examine the association between the dietary diversity score (DDS) and frailty among older Chinese adults.

Methods: A total of 12,457 adults aged 65 years or older were enrolled from three consecutive and nonoverlapping cohorts from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (the 2002 cohort, the 2005 cohort, and the 2008 cohort). DDS was calculated based on nine predefined food groups, and DDS changes were assessed by comparing scores at baseline and the first follow-up survey. We used 39 self-reported health items to assess frailty. Cox proportional hazard models were performed to examine the association between DDS change patterns and frailty.

Results: Participants with low-to-low DDS had the highest frailty incidence (111.1/1000 person-years), while high-to-high DDS had the lowest (41.1/1000 person-years). Compared to the high-to-high group of overall DDS pattern, participants in other DDS change patterns had a higher risk of frailty (HRs ranged from 1.25 to 2.15). Similar associations were observed for plant-based and animal-based DDS. Compared to stable DDS changes, participants with an extreme decline in DDS had an increased risk of frailty, with HRs of 1.38 (1.24, 1.53), 1.31 (1.19, 1.44), and 1.29 (1.16, 1.43) for overall, plant-based, and animal-based DDS, respectively.

Conclusions: Maintaining a lower DDS or having a large reduction in DDS was associated with a higher risk of frailty among Chinese older adults. These findings highlight the importance of improving a diverse diet across old age for preventing frailty in later life.

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中国老年人膳食多样性变化与虚弱之间的关系：一项全国性队列研究的结果。

背景：膳食多样性被认为是预防老年人体弱的潜在措施，但膳食多样性的变化对体弱的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨中国老年人膳食多样性评分（DDS）与虚弱之间的关系：方法：从中国健康长寿纵向调查的三个连续且不重叠的队列（2002 年队列、2005 年队列和 2008 年队列）中选取了 12457 名 65 岁及以上的成年人。DDS根据九种预定义的食物类别进行计算，并通过比较基线和首次随访调查时的得分来评估DDS的变化。我们使用 39 个自我报告的健康项目来评估虚弱程度。我们采用 Cox 比例危险模型来研究 DDS 变化模式与虚弱之间的关系：结果：DDS从低到低的参与者虚弱发生率最高（111.1/1000人年），而DDS从高到高的参与者虚弱发生率最低（41.1/1000人年）。与整体DDS模式从高到高组相比，其他DDS变化模式的参与者罹患虚弱的风险更高（HR值介于1.25到2.15之间）。在植物性和动物性DDS中也观察到了类似的关联。与稳定的DDS变化相比，DDS极度下降的参与者罹患虚弱的风险更高，总体、植物性和动物性DDS的HR值分别为1.38（1.24，1.53）、1.31（1.19，1.44）和1.29（1.16，1.43）：保持较低的 DDS 或 DDS 大幅下降与中国老年人较高的虚弱风险有关。这些发现凸显了改善老年人多样化饮食对预防晚年虚弱的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nutrition Journal NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Nutrition Journal publishes surveillance, epidemiologic, and intervention research that sheds light on i) influences (e.g., familial, environmental) on eating patterns; ii) associations between eating patterns and health, and iii) strategies to improve eating patterns among populations. The journal also welcomes manuscripts reporting on the psychometric properties (e.g., validity, reliability) and feasibility of methods (e.g., for assessing dietary intake) for human nutrition research. In addition, study protocols for controlled trials and cohort studies, with an emphasis on methods for assessing dietary exposures and outcomes as well as intervention components, will be considered. Manuscripts that consider eating patterns holistically, as opposed to solely reductionist approaches that focus on specific dietary components in isolation, are encouraged. Also encouraged are papers that take a holistic or systems perspective in attempting to understand possible compensatory and differential effects of nutrition interventions. The journal does not consider animal studies. In addition to the influence of eating patterns for human health, we also invite research providing insights into the environmental sustainability of dietary practices. Again, a holistic perspective is encouraged, for example, through the consideration of how eating patterns might maximize both human and planetary health.