Health Effects of Various Edible Vegetable Oil: An Umbrella Review

IF 8 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Vegetable oils, derived from diverse sources such as seeds, nuts, and some fruits, play a significant role in dietary health. However, the current evidence on the health effects of different types of vegetable oil consumption remains controversial. This umbrella review aims to synthesize evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses to assess the health outcomes associated with various vegetable oils. A comprehensive literature search was performed up to 31 July, 2023 on 12 databases for studies examining the association of different vegetable oils with health outcomes in adults. Data was extracted independently by 2 authors, with evidence strength assessed using the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation criteria. A total of 48 studies, including 206 meta-analyses, were included. Moderate to very low certainty evidence showed that monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids such as canola oil, virgin olive oil, and rice bran oil are beneficial in reducing serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrations. Conversely, low to very low certainty evidence suggests that oils high in saturated fats, such as coconut oil and palm oil, increase total cholesterol and LDL concentrations but also raise high-density lipoprotein concentrations. Very low certainty evidence showed the consumption of olive oil, sesame oil, and coconut oil could improve blood sugar control. Low certainty evidence showed olive oil consumption reduced risk of breast, digestive, and other cancers. Moderate to very low certainty evidence suggested that canola oil and sesame oil consumption reduced body weight. The consumption of vegetable oil appears to offer different health benefits, with summary estimates indicating beneficial effects on reducing lipid concentrations, especially with monounsaturated and polyunsaturated rich oils when consumed in recommended amounts. Future research should focus on long-term studies and comprehensive dietary assessments to better understand the health impacts of vegetable oils, providing a basis for informed dietary recommendations.

This study was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42021239210.

各种食用植物油对健康的影响:综述。
植物油的来源多种多样,如种子、坚果和一些水果,它们在膳食健康中发挥着重要作用。然而,目前有关食用不同类型植物油对健康影响的证据仍存在争议。本综述旨在综合来自系统综述和荟萃分析的证据,以评估各种植物油对健康的影响。截至 2023 年 7 月 31 日,我们在 12 个数据库中进行了全面的文献检索,以了解有关不同植物油与成人健康结果相关性的研究。数据由两位作者独立提取,并采用 GRADE 标准评估证据强度。共纳入了 48 项研究,包括 206 项元分析。中度到极低确定性证据显示,菜籽油、初榨橄榄油和米糠油等单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸有益于降低血清总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白水平。相反,低度到极低度确定性证据表明,椰子油和棕榈油等饱和脂肪含量高的油类会增加总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白水平,但也会提高高密度脂蛋白水平。极低确定性证据显示,食用橄榄油、芝麻油和椰子油可改善血糖控制。低确定性证据显示,食用橄榄油可降低罹患乳腺癌、消化系统癌症和其他癌症的风险。中度至极度不确定的证据表明,食用菜籽油和芝麻油可减轻体重。食用植物油似乎能带来不同的健康益处,汇总估算结果表明,食用推荐量的植物油,尤其是富含单不饱和和多不饱和脂肪酸的植物油,对降低血脂水平有益。未来的研究应侧重于长期研究和全面膳食评估,以更好地了解植物油对健康的影响,为知情的膳食建议提供依据。系统综述注册:prospero crd42021239210。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Advances in Nutrition
Advances in Nutrition 医学-营养学
CiteScore
17.40
自引率
2.20%
发文量
117
审稿时长
56 days
期刊介绍: Advances in Nutrition (AN/Adv Nutr) publishes focused reviews on pivotal findings and recent research across all domains relevant to nutritional scientists and biomedical researchers. This encompasses nutrition-related research spanning biochemical, molecular, and genetic studies using experimental animal models, domestic animals, and human subjects. The journal also emphasizes clinical nutrition, epidemiology and public health, and nutrition education. Review articles concentrate on recent progress rather than broad historical developments. In addition to review articles, AN includes Perspectives, Letters to the Editor, and supplements. Supplement proposals require pre-approval by the editor before submission. The journal features reports and position papers from the American Society for Nutrition, summaries of major government and foundation reports, and Nutrient Information briefs providing crucial details about dietary requirements, food sources, deficiencies, and other essential nutrient information. All submissions with scientific content undergo peer review by the Editors or their designees prior to acceptance for publication.
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