Practical issues related to immunocytochemistry on cytological smears: Tips and recommendations

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q4 CELL BIOLOGY

Cytopathology Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI:10.1111/cyt.13419

Maria D. Lozano, Allan Argueta, Ramón Robledano, Jaione García, Vanessa Ocon, Nerea Gómez, Nassira Fernandez

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

Immunocytochemistry (ICC) is essential for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and identifying markers for diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapies. While cell blocks (CBs) are preferred for standardization and optimized staining, cytological smears are an alternative when CBs are unavailable. However, the literature on ICC protocols for smears is sparse. This review addresses preparation, fixation and protocols for nuclear and cytoplasmic antibodies on smears, drawing from our laboratory's experience.

Methods

We reviewed procedures for ICC on cytological smears using existing literature and practical insights from our laboratory.

Results

Commercially available antibodies were found to be reliable for ICC on smears if specimens are properly prepared and fixed. Protocols developed in our laboratory maintained antigenicity and provided clear staining results.

Conclusions

Although ICC on CBs is the gold standard for standardization, cytological smears are a viable alternative when CBs are unavailable. Success in ICC on smears depends on proper preparation and fixation. This review offers practical protocols and insights to help laboratories optimize ICC on cytological smears. Further research and standardization are necessary to enhance reproducibility and reliability of ICC on smears. The practical information provided is based on personal experience in our laboratory.

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与细胞涂片免疫细胞化学有关的实际问题：提示和建议。

目的：免疫细胞化学（ICC）对于提高诊断准确性以及确定诊断、预后和靶向治疗的标志物至关重要。虽然细胞块（CB）是标准化和优化染色的首选，但在没有 CB 的情况下，细胞涂片也是一种替代方法。然而，有关涂片的 ICC 方案的文献却很少。本综述根据我们实验室的经验，探讨了涂片上核抗体和细胞质抗体的制备、固定和方案：方法：我们利用现有文献和本实验室的实践经验对细胞涂片上的 ICC 程序进行了回顾：结果：我们发现，如果标本准备和固定得当，市场上出售的抗体对涂片上的 ICC 是可靠的。我们实验室制定的方案保持了抗原性并提供了清晰的染色结果：尽管涂片上的 ICC 是标准化的黄金标准，但在没有 CB 时，细胞学涂片也是一种可行的替代方法。涂片 ICC 的成功取决于正确的制备和固定。本综述提供了实用的方案和见解，帮助实验室优化细胞学涂片上的 ICC。为提高涂片 ICC 的可重复性和可靠性，有必要开展进一步的研究和标准化工作。所提供的实用信息均基于我们实验室的个人经验。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cytopathology 生物-病理学

CiteScore

2.30

自引率

15.40%

发文量

107

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The aim of Cytopathology is to publish articles relating to those aspects of cytology which will increase our knowledge and understanding of the aetiology, diagnosis and management of human disease. It contains original articles and critical reviews on all aspects of clinical cytology in its broadest sense, including: gynaecological and non-gynaecological cytology; fine needle aspiration and screening strategy. Cytopathology welcomes papers and articles on: ultrastructural, histochemical and immunocytochemical studies of the cell; quantitative cytology and DNA hybridization as applied to cytological material.