Advances in animal models of Parkinson's disease

IF 3.5 3区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES
Sui He, Qin Ru, Lin Chen, Guodong Xu, Yuxiang Wu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Parkinson's disease is a complex neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive movement impairments. Predominant symptoms encompass resting tremor, bradykinesia, limb rigidity, and postural instability. In addition, it also includes a series of non-motor symptoms such as sleep disorders, hyposmia, gastrointestinal dysfunction, autonomic dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Pathologically, the disease manifests through dopaminergic neuronal loss and the presence of Lewy bodies. At present, no significant breakthrough has been achieved in clinical Parkinson's disease treatment. Exploring treatment modalities necessitate the establishment of scientifically sound animal models. In recent years, researchers have focused on replicating the symptoms of human Parkinson's disease, resulting in the establishment of various experimental animal models primarily through drugs and transgenic methods to mimic relevant pathologies and identify more effective treatments. This review examines traditional neurotoxin and transgenic animal models as well as α-synuclein pre-formed fibrils models, non-human primate models and non-mammalian specie models. Additionally, it introduces emerging models, including models based on optogenetics, induced pluripotent stem cells, and gene editing, aiming to provide a reference for the utilization of experimental animal models and clinical research for researchers in this field.

帕金森病动物模型的研究进展。
帕金森病是一种复杂的神经退行性疾病,以进行性运动障碍为特征。主要症状包括静止性震颤、运动迟缓、肢体僵硬和姿势不稳。此外,它还包括一系列非运动症状,如睡眠障碍、嗅觉减退、胃肠道功能障碍、自主神经功能障碍和认知障碍。病理上,该病表现为多巴胺能神经元缺失和路易体的存在。目前,帕金森病的临床治疗尚未取得重大突破。要探索治疗方法,就必须建立科学合理的动物模型。近年来,研究人员致力于复制人类帕金森病的症状,主要通过药物和转基因方法建立了各种实验动物模型,以模拟相关病理,找出更有效的治疗方法。本综述探讨了传统的神经毒素和转基因动物模型,以及α-突触核蛋白预成纤维模型、非人灵长类动物模型和非哺乳动物物种模型。此外,它还介绍了新兴模型,包括基于光遗传学、诱导多能干细胞和基因编辑的模型,旨在为该领域的研究人员提供利用实验动物模型和临床研究的参考。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Brain Research Bulletin
Brain Research Bulletin 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
2.60%
发文量
253
审稿时长
67 days
期刊介绍: The Brain Research Bulletin (BRB) aims to publish novel work that advances our knowledge of molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie neural network properties associated with behavior, cognition and other brain functions during neurodevelopment and in the adult. Although clinical research is out of the Journal''s scope, the BRB also aims to publish translation research that provides insight into biological mechanisms and processes associated with neurodegeneration mechanisms, neurological diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders. The Journal is especially interested in research using novel methodologies, such as optogenetics, multielectrode array recordings and life imaging in wild-type and genetically-modified animal models, with the goal to advance our understanding of how neurons, glia and networks function in vivo.
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