{"title":"Self-Compassion as a Moderator in the Relationships of Excellencism and Perfectionism with Indicators of Mental Health","authors":"Shanna With, Antoine Benoît, Patrick Gaudreau","doi":"10.1007/s12671-024-02388-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>Past studies reported that self-compassion did not significantly moderate the association between perfectionistic standards and psychological distress. Recent research highlighted the need to separate high standards (i.e., excellencism) from perfectionistic standards. Based on the Model of Excellencism and Perfectionism, this study reexamined the moderating role of self-compassion in the distinctive association of excellencism and perfectionistic standards with psychological distress and well-being.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional design with a sufficiently powered sample of 583 university students (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 22.80, <i>SD</i> = 3.45) who completed measures of excellencism, perfectionism, self-compassion, psychological distress, and psychological well-being. Multiple regression analyses and moderated multiple regressions were conducted to test relationships between the variables.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Self-compassion significantly moderated the relationship between perfectionistic standards and psychological distress. At low levels of self-compassion, students pursuing perfection (perfection strivers; high on perfectionism and excellencism) had significantly higher psychological distress compared to students pursuing excellence (excellence strivers; high on excellencism and low on perfectionism). Furthermore, self-compassion significantly moderated the relationship between excellencism and psychological well-being. The difference in psychological well-being between the nonexcellence/nonperfection (low on perfectionism and excellencism) and excellence strivers was significantly attenuated at high levels of self-compassion.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>When clearly separating excellencism and perfectionism, self-compassion acted as a moderator of the debilitative effects associated with perfectionistic standards. Although perfection strivers are generally more self-critical than excellence strivers, those who practice self-compassion seem to be able to reduce their risk of experiencing symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":18523,"journal":{"name":"Mindfulness","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Mindfulness","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-024-02388-5","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PSYCHIATRY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objectives
Past studies reported that self-compassion did not significantly moderate the association between perfectionistic standards and psychological distress. Recent research highlighted the need to separate high standards (i.e., excellencism) from perfectionistic standards. Based on the Model of Excellencism and Perfectionism, this study reexamined the moderating role of self-compassion in the distinctive association of excellencism and perfectionistic standards with psychological distress and well-being.
Methods
A cross-sectional design with a sufficiently powered sample of 583 university students (Mage = 22.80, SD = 3.45) who completed measures of excellencism, perfectionism, self-compassion, psychological distress, and psychological well-being. Multiple regression analyses and moderated multiple regressions were conducted to test relationships between the variables.
Results
Self-compassion significantly moderated the relationship between perfectionistic standards and psychological distress. At low levels of self-compassion, students pursuing perfection (perfection strivers; high on perfectionism and excellencism) had significantly higher psychological distress compared to students pursuing excellence (excellence strivers; high on excellencism and low on perfectionism). Furthermore, self-compassion significantly moderated the relationship between excellencism and psychological well-being. The difference in psychological well-being between the nonexcellence/nonperfection (low on perfectionism and excellencism) and excellence strivers was significantly attenuated at high levels of self-compassion.
Conclusions
When clearly separating excellencism and perfectionism, self-compassion acted as a moderator of the debilitative effects associated with perfectionistic standards. Although perfection strivers are generally more self-critical than excellence strivers, those who practice self-compassion seem to be able to reduce their risk of experiencing symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression.
期刊介绍：
Mindfulness seeks to advance research, clinical practice, and theory on mindfulness. It is interested in manuscripts from diverse viewpoints, including psychology, psychiatry, medicine, neurobiology, psychoneuroendocrinology, cognitive, behavioral, cultural, philosophy, spirituality, and wisdom traditions. Mindfulness encourages research submissions on the reliability and validity of assessment of mindfulness; clinical uses of mindfulness in psychological distress, psychiatric disorders, and medical conditions; alleviation of personal and societal suffering; the nature and foundations of mindfulness; mechanisms of action; and the use of mindfulness across cultures. The Journal also seeks to promote the use of mindfulness by publishing scholarly papers on the training of clinicians, institutional staff, teachers, parents, and industry personnel in mindful provision of services. Examples of topics include: Mindfulness-based psycho-educational interventions for children with learning, emotional, and behavioral disorders Treating depression and clinical symptoms in patients with chronic heart failure Yoga and mindfulness Cognitive-behavioral mindfulness group therapy interventions Mindfulnessness and emotional regulation difficulties in children Loving-kindness meditation to increase social connectedness Training for parents and children with ADHD Recovery from substance abuse Changing parents’ mindfulness Child management skills Treating childhood anxiety and depression
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