{"title":"Lactobacillus cocktail and cellulase synergistically improve the fiber transformation rate in Sesbania cannabina and sweet sorghum mixed silage","authors":"Tianqi Xia, Muhammad Tahir, Tianwei Wang, Yudong Wang, Xiumin Zhang, Shanji Liu, Kunling Teng, Zhihui Fu, Fangfei Yun, Siyue Wang, Sijie Jin, Jiachen Hu, Jin Zhong","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00605-w","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Elucidating the mechanism of fiber transformation underlying microbial metabolism is critical for improving fiber-rich silage digestibility and preserving silage energy for ruminant nutrient absorption. However, few studies have combined quantitative microbial function and transformation products in silage to explain this mechanism. Here, we constructed a workflow to detect the substrates and products of fiber transformation in mixed silage of <i>Sesbania cannabina</i> and sweet sorghum (SS) and combined the absolute quantification 16S rRNA sequencing to reveal this mechanism.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The synergistic effect of <i>Lactobacillus</i> cocktail and cellulase (LC) simplified the microbial diversity and minimized the microbial quantity, making <i>Lentilactobacillus buchneri</i> the dominant species in SS silage<i>.</i> As a result, the LC-treated silage had greater lactic acid content, lower pH value, and less NH<sub>3</sub>-N content. The indigestible fibers were significantly decreased due to the synergistic effect of the <i>Lactobacillus</i> cocktail and cellulase. Changes in microbial structure during ensiling also resulted in metabolic alterations. The increased levels of microbial enzymes, including β-glucosidase and sucrose phosphorylase, involved in starch and sucrose metabolism led to the enrichment of monosaccharides (including glucose, xylose, mannose, galactose, ribose, rhamnose, and arabinose) in the LC-treated silage. We found that <i>L. buchneri</i> was positively associated with β-glucosidase and sucrose phosphorylase, reflecting the crucial contribution of <i>L. buchneri</i> to fiber decomposition in SS silage.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Using an absolute quantitative microbiome, we found that LC treatment decreased the microbial biomass in SS silage, which in turn promoted the energy preservation in the SS silage. The cooperative interaction of the <i>Lactobacillus</i> cocktail and cellulase improved the fiber decomposition and in vitro dry matter digestibility rate by changing the microbiome structure and function in the SS silage, providing guidance and support for future fiber-rich silage production in the saline-alkaline region.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\n<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00605-w","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40538-024-00605-w","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background
Elucidating the mechanism of fiber transformation underlying microbial metabolism is critical for improving fiber-rich silage digestibility and preserving silage energy for ruminant nutrient absorption. However, few studies have combined quantitative microbial function and transformation products in silage to explain this mechanism. Here, we constructed a workflow to detect the substrates and products of fiber transformation in mixed silage of Sesbania cannabina and sweet sorghum (SS) and combined the absolute quantification 16S rRNA sequencing to reveal this mechanism.
Results
The synergistic effect of Lactobacillus cocktail and cellulase (LC) simplified the microbial diversity and minimized the microbial quantity, making Lentilactobacillus buchneri the dominant species in SS silage. As a result, the LC-treated silage had greater lactic acid content, lower pH value, and less NH3-N content. The indigestible fibers were significantly decreased due to the synergistic effect of the Lactobacillus cocktail and cellulase. Changes in microbial structure during ensiling also resulted in metabolic alterations. The increased levels of microbial enzymes, including β-glucosidase and sucrose phosphorylase, involved in starch and sucrose metabolism led to the enrichment of monosaccharides (including glucose, xylose, mannose, galactose, ribose, rhamnose, and arabinose) in the LC-treated silage. We found that L. buchneri was positively associated with β-glucosidase and sucrose phosphorylase, reflecting the crucial contribution of L. buchneri to fiber decomposition in SS silage.
Conclusion
Using an absolute quantitative microbiome, we found that LC treatment decreased the microbial biomass in SS silage, which in turn promoted the energy preservation in the SS silage. The cooperative interaction of the Lactobacillus cocktail and cellulase improved the fiber decomposition and in vitro dry matter digestibility rate by changing the microbiome structure and function in the SS silage, providing guidance and support for future fiber-rich silage production in the saline-alkaline region.
背景阐明微生物代谢中的纤维转化机制对于提高富含纤维的青贮饲料的消化率和保存青贮饲料能量以供反刍动物吸收营养至关重要。然而，很少有研究结合青贮饲料中微生物的定量功能和转化产物来解释这一机制。结果鸡尾酒乳杆菌和纤维素酶（LC）的协同作用简化了微生物的多样性，并最大限度地减少了微生物的数量，使布氏扁豆乳杆菌成为 SS 青贮饲料中的优势菌种。因此，经 LC 处理的青贮饲料乳酸含量更高，pH 值更低，NH3-N 含量更少。由于乳酸菌鸡尾酒和纤维素酶的协同作用，难以消化的纤维明显减少。腌制过程中微生物结构的变化也导致了新陈代谢的改变。参与淀粉和蔗糖代谢的微生物酶（包括β-葡萄糖苷酶和蔗糖磷酸化酶）水平的增加导致低聚半乳糖处理的青贮饲料中单糖（包括葡萄糖、木糖、甘露糖、半乳糖、核糖、鼠李糖和阿拉伯糖）的富集。我们发现布氏乳杆菌与β-葡萄糖苷酶和蔗糖磷酸化酶呈正相关，这反映了布氏乳杆菌对 SS 青贮饲料中纤维分解的重要贡献。乳酸菌鸡尾酒和纤维素酶的协同作用通过改变 SS 青贮饲料中微生物组的结构和功能，提高了纤维分解率和体外干物质消化率，为盐碱地区未来富含纤维的青贮饲料生产提供了指导和支持。
期刊介绍：
Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture is an international, interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed forum for the advancement and application to all fields of agriculture of modern chemical, biochemical and molecular technologies. The scope of this journal includes chemical and biochemical processes aimed to increase sustainable agricultural and food production, the evaluation of quality and origin of raw primary products and their transformation into foods and chemicals, as well as environmental monitoring and remediation. Of special interest are the effects of chemical and biochemical technologies, also at the nano and supramolecular scale, on the relationships between soil, plants, microorganisms and their environment, with the help of modern bioinformatics. Another special focus is the use of modern bioorganic and biological chemistry to develop new technologies for plant nutrition and bio-stimulation, advancement of biorefineries from biomasses, safe and traceable food products, carbon storage in soil and plants and restoration of contaminated soils to agriculture.
This journal presents the first opportunity to bring together researchers from a wide number of disciplines within the agricultural chemical and biological sciences, from both industry and academia. The principle aim of Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture is to allow the exchange of the most advanced chemical and biochemical knowledge to develop technologies which address one of the most pressing challenges of our times - sustaining a growing world population.
Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture publishes original research articles, short letters and invited reviews. Articles from scientists in industry, academia as well as private research institutes, non-governmental and environmental organizations are encouraged.
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