{"title":"Study on Synergy Between Plasma and Composite Industry Wastes in Catalyzing HC Removal in Diesel Exhaust","authors":"Sakshi Vijay, B. S. Rajanikanth","doi":"10.1007/s11090-024-10477-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increased usage of diesel in the past 20 years, particularly in developing countries like India, has resulted in serious concerns in abating gaseous pollutants such as oxides of nitrogen (NO<sub>X</sub>) and hydrocarbons (HC). On the other hand, the growing metallurgical processing industries leave behind tons of solid waste, making waste management a bigger issue. In the current work several industry wastes have been tested under discharge plasma environment for their catalytic properties in the removal of HCs from diesel exhaust. To explore the benefit of metal oxide components, present in industry wastes, a new approach was proposed in this work wherein two industrial wastes were blended to form a composite waste which was then powdered and bound to form pellets. Four such composite waste-based pellets, namely <i>red mud</i> + <i>iron tailing, iron tailing</i> + <i>lignite ash, lignite ash</i> + <i>copper slag and red mud</i> + <i>oyster shells,</i> were tested for their catalytic properties under plasma environment. Exhaust emanating from a 6 HP engine is sampled and studied for HC removal in a pulsed plasma reactor embedded with composite wastes. The pellets being porous in nature, studies were also conducted for HC adsorption by cascading composite wastes with plasma alone while treating the exhaust. All the composite wastes exhibited good plasma catalysis in HC removal (58–73%) when compared to that with plasma alone (31%). Further, there is a marked difference between plasma adsorption and plasma catalysis by a factor of 1.75–2.2 indicating synergy between plasma and metal oxides present in composite wastes while catalysing HC removal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":734,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing","volume":"44 4","pages":"1529 - 1546"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11090-024-10477-5","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The increased usage of diesel in the past 20 years, particularly in developing countries like India, has resulted in serious concerns in abating gaseous pollutants such as oxides of nitrogen (NOX) and hydrocarbons (HC). On the other hand, the growing metallurgical processing industries leave behind tons of solid waste, making waste management a bigger issue. In the current work several industry wastes have been tested under discharge plasma environment for their catalytic properties in the removal of HCs from diesel exhaust. To explore the benefit of metal oxide components, present in industry wastes, a new approach was proposed in this work wherein two industrial wastes were blended to form a composite waste which was then powdered and bound to form pellets. Four such composite waste-based pellets, namely red mud + iron tailing, iron tailing + lignite ash, lignite ash + copper slag and red mud + oyster shells, were tested for their catalytic properties under plasma environment. Exhaust emanating from a 6 HP engine is sampled and studied for HC removal in a pulsed plasma reactor embedded with composite wastes. The pellets being porous in nature, studies were also conducted for HC adsorption by cascading composite wastes with plasma alone while treating the exhaust. All the composite wastes exhibited good plasma catalysis in HC removal (58–73%) when compared to that with plasma alone (31%). Further, there is a marked difference between plasma adsorption and plasma catalysis by a factor of 1.75–2.2 indicating synergy between plasma and metal oxides present in composite wastes while catalysing HC removal.
过去 20 年来，柴油的使用量不断增加，尤其是在印度等发展中国家，这导致人们对减少氮氧化物（NOX）和碳氢化合物（HC）等气体污染物的严重关切。另一方面，不断增长的冶金加工业留下了成吨的固体废物，使废物管理成为一个更大的问题。在目前的工作中，我们在放电等离子体环境下测试了几种工业废料在去除柴油机尾气中 HC 方面的催化特性。为了探索工业废料中金属氧化物成分的益处，本研究提出了一种新方法，将两种工业废料混合形成一种复合废料，然后将其粉化并粘合成颗粒。在等离子环境下，测试了四种基于废物的复合颗粒，即赤泥+铁尾矿、铁尾矿+褐煤灰、褐煤灰+铜渣和赤泥+牡蛎壳的催化特性。对一台 6 马力发动机排出的废气进行了取样，并在嵌入了复合废物的脉冲等离子体反应器中进行了去除碳氢化合物的研究。由于颗粒具有多孔性，在处理废气的同时，还研究了复合废料与等离子体串联吸附 HC 的情况。与单独使用等离子体（31%）相比，所有复合废料在去除 HC 方面都表现出良好的等离子体催化作用（58%-73%）。此外，等离子体吸附和等离子体催化之间存在 1.75-2.2 倍的明显差异，表明等离子体和复合废料中的金属氧化物在催化去除 HC 时具有协同作用。
期刊介绍：
Publishing original papers on fundamental and applied research in plasma chemistry and plasma processing, the scope of this journal includes processing plasmas ranging from non-thermal plasmas to thermal plasmas, and fundamental plasma studies as well as studies of specific plasma applications. Such applications include but are not limited to plasma catalysis, environmental processing including treatment of liquids and gases, biological applications of plasmas including plasma medicine and agriculture, surface modification and deposition, powder and nanostructure synthesis, energy applications including plasma combustion and reforming, resource recovery, coupling of plasmas and electrochemistry, and plasma etching. Studies of chemical kinetics in plasmas, and the interactions of plasmas with surfaces are also solicited. It is essential that submissions include substantial consideration of the role of the plasma, for example, the relevant plasma chemistry, plasma physics or plasma–surface interactions; manuscripts that consider solely the properties of materials or substances processed using a plasma are not within the journal’s scope.
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