Population decline and public attitudes toward multicultural immigration policies in South Korea

IF 2.6 2区 社会学 Q1 DEMOGRAPHY
Sangwon Choi, Jingyeong Song, Daeyoung Kwon, Brian H. S. Kim
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Abstract

Population decline due to low fertility and aging causes socioeconomic challenges such as a shrinking labour force and regional decline. In response to these challenges, there is a growing discussion about accepting immigrants to mitigate the side effects of population decline. This implies the importance of analyzing local peoples' perceptions as a basis of policy and planning in anticipation of demographic transitions toward a multicultural society. While there are many studies on local problems caused by depopulation and perceptions of immigrants based on contact theory and group threat theory, there has been relatively little research on the relationship between depopulation and individual perceptions of immigrants. This study fills this gap by using survey data of Seoul, Korea, the city experiencing both population decline and an increase in immigrants. It employs the multilevel ordered logit model to explore how the decrease in local population associates with individuals' perception on the need for multicultural immigration policies. The results suggest that individuals are more likely to have a positive view of multicultural immigration policies if their region is experiencing a higher population decline. This finding is significant as it demonstrates that a shift to an unfavourable demographic structure can have a positive impact on perceptions of immigrant acceptance, offering a new perspective on the relationship between immigrants and native residents.

Abstract Image

韩国人口减少与公众对多元文化移民政策的态度
低生育率和老龄化导致的人口下降带来了社会经济挑战,如劳动力萎缩和地区衰退。为了应对这些挑战,关于接受移民以减轻人口减少的副作用的讨论日益增多。这就意味着,在人口向多元文化社会过渡的过程中,必须分析当地人的看法,并将其作为政策和规划的基础。虽然基于接触理论和群体威胁理论对人口减少造成的当地问题以及对移民的看法进行了许多研究,但对人口减少与个人对移民的看法之间关系的研究相对较少。本研究利用韩国首尔的调查数据填补了这一空白,首尔是一个同时经历人口减少和移民增加的城市。研究采用多层次有序对数模型来探讨当地人口减少与个人对多元文化移民政策需求的看法之间的关系。结果表明,如果个人所在地区的人口数量下降较多,他们就更有可能对多元文化移民政策持积极看法。这一发现具有重要意义,因为它表明,人口结构向不利方向的转变会对接受移民的观念产生积极影响,从而为移民与本地居民之间的关系提供了一个新的视角。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.00
自引率
12.50%
发文量
87
期刊介绍: Population, Space and Place aims to be the leading English-language research journal in the field of geographical population studies. It intends to: - Inform population researchers of the best theoretical and empirical research on topics related to population, space and place - Promote and further enhance the international standing of population research through the exchange of views on what constitutes best research practice - Facilitate debate on issues of policy relevance and encourage the widest possible discussion and dissemination of the applications of research on populations - Review and evaluate the significance of recent research findings and provide an international platform where researchers can discuss the future course of population research
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