{"title":"Non-invasive deep-brain stimulations by spatio-temporal fourier synthesis","authors":"Laszlo B. Kish, Andrea Antal","doi":"10.1142/s0219477524500494","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"A new type of non-invasive deep-brain stimulation is conceived and demonstrated by computer simulations. The process is based on spatio-temporal Fourier synthesis using multiple electrode pairs with sinusoidal current drive to limit skin sensations and concentrate the stimulus power to a small spatial volume and into large rare spikes in the times domain, while the signal power at the skin is steady and small. Exotic time signals are also shown, such as the cases of high-frequency prime harmonics, quasi-random and chirping stimulations. The first one is able to generate sharp spikes with low frequency while its carriers are high-frequency harmonics that easily conducts via the skin and brain tissue. Open questions are, among others, the best shapes and timing of spikes. The answers require experimental tests and explorations in animal models and human subjects.","PeriodicalId":55155,"journal":{"name":"Fluctuation and Noise Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Fluctuation and Noise Letters","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219477524500494","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
A new type of non-invasive deep-brain stimulation is conceived and demonstrated by computer simulations. The process is based on spatio-temporal Fourier synthesis using multiple electrode pairs with sinusoidal current drive to limit skin sensations and concentrate the stimulus power to a small spatial volume and into large rare spikes in the times domain, while the signal power at the skin is steady and small. Exotic time signals are also shown, such as the cases of high-frequency prime harmonics, quasi-random and chirping stimulations. The first one is able to generate sharp spikes with low frequency while its carriers are high-frequency harmonics that easily conducts via the skin and brain tissue. Open questions are, among others, the best shapes and timing of spikes. The answers require experimental tests and explorations in animal models and human subjects.
期刊介绍:
Fluctuation and Noise Letters (FNL) is unique. It is the only specialist journal for fluctuations and noise, and it covers that topic throughout the whole of science in a completely interdisciplinary way. High standards of refereeing and editorial judgment are guaranteed by the selection of Editors from among the leading scientists of the field.
FNL places equal emphasis on both fundamental and applied science and the name "Letters" is to indicate speed of publication, rather than a limitation on the lengths of papers. The journal uses on-line submission and provides for immediate on-line publication of accepted papers.
FNL is interested in interdisciplinary articles on random fluctuations, quite generally. For example: noise enhanced phenomena including stochastic resonance; 1/f noise; shot noise; fluctuation-dissipation; cardiovascular dynamics; ion channels; single molecules; neural systems; quantum fluctuations; quantum computation; classical and quantum information; statistical physics; degradation and aging phenomena; percolation systems; fluctuations in social systems; traffic; the stock market; environment and climate; etc.