Perspective: Observational Studies Involving Low-Soy Intake Populations Have Limited Ability for Providing Insight into the Health Effects of Soybean Isoflavones

IF 8 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Mark J Messina , Virginia Messina , Chisato Nagata
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Isoflavones are naturally occurring plant compounds found in uniquely high amounts in soybeans and foods made from this legume. These soybean constituents have been proposed to exert several health benefits and as such they have been the subject of an enormous amount of research. This research includes randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and epidemiologic investigations. Although statistically significant associations between isoflavone intake and a wide range of health outcomes have been identified in cohorts involving low-isoflavone intake populations, we suggest that these associations are unlikely to have a causal basis because exposure is too low for isoflavones to exert physiologic effects. In cohorts involving predominantly non-Asian, non-vegetarian populations, the highest isoflavone intake category is typically ≤3 mg/d, an amount of isoflavones provided by ∼30 mL (2 tablespoons) of soymilk made from whole soybeans. In comparison, mean isoflavone intake in the upper intake categories in observational studies involving high-isoflavone intake populations is typically ≥50 mg/d. In RCTs, intervention doses of isoflavones typically range between 40 and 100 mg/d. Health professionals advising patients and clients about soy food and isoflavone intake need to be aware of the limitations of epidemiologic research involving low-isoflavone intake populations. Intake recommendations are best based on the results of RCTs using clinically relevant doses of isoflavones and epidemiologic studies involving populations for whom soy foods are a habitual part of the diet.

观点:涉及低大豆摄入量人群的观察性研究在深入了解大豆异黄酮对健康的影响方面能力有限
异黄酮是天然存在的植物化合物,在大豆和用这种豆科植物制成的食品中含量特别高。这些大豆成分被认为具有多种健康益处,因此成为大量研究的主题。这些研究包括随机对照试验(RCT)和流行病学调查。尽管在涉及低异黄酮摄入量人群的队列中,发现了异黄酮摄入量与多种健康结果之间具有统计学意义的关联,但我们认为这些关联不太可能具有因果关系,因为异黄酮的暴露量太低,不足以产生生理效应。在以非亚洲人、非素食人群为主的队列中,异黄酮摄入量最高的类别通常≤3 毫克/天,即大约 30 毫升(2 汤匙)全大豆豆浆所含的异黄酮量。相比之下,在涉及高异黄酮摄入量人群的观察性研究中,高摄入量类别的平均异黄酮摄入量通常≥50 毫克/天。在研究性试验中,异黄酮的干预剂量通常在 40 至 100 毫克/天之间。为患者和客户提供大豆食品和异黄酮摄入建议的保健专业人员需要了解涉及低异黄酮摄入人群的流行病学研究的局限性。建议摄入量的最佳依据是使用临床相关剂量的异黄酮进行的 RCT 研究结果,以及涉及大豆食品已成为饮食习惯的人群的流行病学研究结果。
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来源期刊
Advances in Nutrition
Advances in Nutrition 医学-营养学
CiteScore
17.40
自引率
2.20%
发文量
117
审稿时长
56 days
期刊介绍: Advances in Nutrition (AN/Adv Nutr) publishes focused reviews on pivotal findings and recent research across all domains relevant to nutritional scientists and biomedical researchers. This encompasses nutrition-related research spanning biochemical, molecular, and genetic studies using experimental animal models, domestic animals, and human subjects. The journal also emphasizes clinical nutrition, epidemiology and public health, and nutrition education. Review articles concentrate on recent progress rather than broad historical developments. In addition to review articles, AN includes Perspectives, Letters to the Editor, and supplements. Supplement proposals require pre-approval by the editor before submission. The journal features reports and position papers from the American Society for Nutrition, summaries of major government and foundation reports, and Nutrient Information briefs providing crucial details about dietary requirements, food sources, deficiencies, and other essential nutrient information. All submissions with scientific content undergo peer review by the Editors or their designees prior to acceptance for publication.
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