Mind-wandering increases in frequency over time during task performance: An individual-participant meta-analytic review.

IF 4 2区医学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL

ACS Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI:10.1037/bul0000424

Anthony P Zanesco, Ekaterina Denkova, Amishi P Jha

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Abstract

Attention has a seemingly inevitable tendency to turn inward toward our thoughts. Mind-wandering refers to moments when this inward focus diverts attention away from the current task-at-hand. Mind-wandering is thought to be ubiquitous, having been estimated to occur between 30% and 50% of our waking moments. Yet, it is unclear whether this frequency is similar within-task performance contexts and unknown whether mind-wandering systematically increases with time-on-task for a broad range of tasks. We conducted a systematic literature search and individual participant data meta-analysis of rates of occurrence of mind-wandering during task performance. Our search located 68 research reports providing almost a half-million total responses to experience sampling mind-wandering probes from more than 10,000 unique individuals. Latent growth curve models estimated the initial occurrence of mind-wandering and linear change in mind-wandering over sequential probes for each study sample, and effects were summarized using multivariate meta-analysis. Our results confirm that mind-wandering increases in frequency over time during task performance, implicating mind-wandering in characteristic within-task psychological changes, such as increasing boredom and patterns of worsening behavioral performance with time-on-task. The systematic search and meta-analysis provide the most comprehensive assessment of normative rates of mind-wandering during task performance reported to date. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

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在任务执行过程中，思维游离的频率会随着时间的推移而增加：个人参与者荟萃分析综述。

注意力有一种看似不可避免的倾向，那就是向内转向我们的思想。思绪游离指的就是这种内向的注意力偏离当前任务的时刻。思想游离被认为是无处不在的，据估计，在我们清醒的时候，有 30% 到 50% 的时间会出现思想游离。然而，目前还不清楚这一频率在任务表现情境中是否相似，也不清楚在广泛的任务中，思维游离是否会随着任务时间的延长而系统地增加。我们对任务执行过程中的思维游离发生率进行了系统的文献检索和个体参与者数据荟萃分析。通过搜索，我们找到了 68 篇研究报告，这些报告提供了来自 10,000 多名独特个体的近 50 万个对思维游离经验取样探查的总回复。潜在增长曲线模型估算了每个研究样本最初出现的思维游移和思维游移在连续探查中的线性变化，并使用多元荟萃分析法对效果进行了总结。我们的研究结果证实，在任务执行过程中，思维游离的频率会随着时间的推移而增加，这表明思维游离与任务内心理变化的特征有关，如随着任务时间的推移，无聊感会增加，行为表现会恶化。该系统性研究和荟萃分析提供了迄今为止对任务执行过程中思维游离常态率最全面的评估报告。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

ACS Infectious Diseases CHEMISTRY, MEDICINALINFECTIOUS DISEASES&nb-INFECTIOUS DISEASES

CiteScore

9.70

自引率

3.80%

发文量

213

期刊介绍： ACS Infectious Diseases will be the first journal to highlight chemistry and its role in this multidisciplinary and collaborative research area. The journal will cover a diverse array of topics including, but not limited to: * Discovery and development of new antimicrobial agents — identified through target- or phenotypic-based approaches as well as compounds that induce synergy with antimicrobials. * Characterization and validation of drug target or pathways — use of single target and genome-wide knockdown and knockouts, biochemical studies, structural biology, new technologies to facilitate characterization and prioritization of potential drug targets. * Mechanism of drug resistance — fundamental research that advances our understanding of resistance; strategies to prevent resistance. * Mechanisms of action — use of genetic, metabolomic, and activity- and affinity-based protein profiling to elucidate the mechanism of action of clinical and experimental antimicrobial agents. * Host-pathogen interactions — tools for studying host-pathogen interactions, cellular biochemistry of hosts and pathogens, and molecular interactions of pathogens with host microbiota. * Small molecule vaccine adjuvants for infectious disease. * Viral and bacterial biochemistry and molecular biology.