Characterising the social interaction style of autism in young adult males with fragile X syndrome

IF 2.1 2区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Journal of Intellectual Disability Research Pub Date : 2024-01-23 DOI:10.1111/jir.13121

C. Moser, A. Campanelli, L. Friedman, A. J. Thurman, J. E. Roberts, L. Abbeduto, J. Klusek

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

The characterisation of autism in fragile X syndrome (FXS) has been a source of controversy due to the complexity of disentangling autism traits from common features of the FXS phenotype. Autism in FXS is significantly underdiagnosed in the community, which may be partly due to insufficient clinical description of the social interaction profile of autism within the FXS phenotype. In this study, we applied a classic framework for characterising social interaction styles in autism to a sample of young adult males with FXS and co-occurring autism to enhance understanding of how the social challenges associated with autism manifest within FXS.

Methods

Participants were 41 males (M age = 18 years) with FXS and co-occurring autism. Interaction samples were coded for expression of predominately ‘active’ (characterised by a desire to make social approaches) or ‘passive’ (characterised by lack of initiation of social approach towards others) interaction profiles. Differences in the expression of phenotypic features of FXS, including anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, cognitive, adaptive and language impairments and autism symptom severity, were examined across those with passive and active interaction styles.

Results

Approximately half of the sample was classified as active and half as passive, demonstrating diversity in the social phenotype of autism associated with FXS. The two subtypes did not differ in autism severity, anxiety or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms or in cognitive, adaptive or language abilities.

Conclusions

This study enhances understanding of FXS-associated autism by documenting phenotypic variability in the social interaction profile in this group, with active and passive social interaction styles represented. The two social interaction styles were not associated with differential expression of common phenotypic features of FXS, suggesting similar support needs.

Abstract Image

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描述患有脆性 X 综合征的年轻男性自闭症患者的社交互动方式。

背景：脆性 X 综合征（FXS）中自闭症的特征一直备受争议，因为要将自闭症特征与 FXS 表型的共同特征区分开来非常复杂。在社区中，FXS 自闭症的诊断率明显偏低，部分原因可能是对 FXS 表型中自闭症的社会交往特征的临床描述不足。在本研究中，我们将描述自闭症社交互动方式的经典框架应用于FXS和共患自闭症的年轻成年男性样本，以加深对自闭症相关社交挑战如何在FXS中表现出来的理解：参与者为 41 名患有 FXS 和并发自闭症的男性（平均年龄 = 18 岁）。互动样本被编码为主要表现为 "主动"（以渴望接近他人为特征）或 "被动"（以不主动接近他人为特征）的互动特征。我们还研究了被动型和主动型互动风格的 FXS 患者在焦虑、注意力缺陷/多动障碍、认知、适应和语言障碍以及自闭症症状严重程度等表型特征方面的表现差异：结果：大约一半的样本被归类为主动型，一半被归类为被动型，这表明与 FXS 相关的自闭症社交表型具有多样性。这两种亚型在自闭症严重程度、焦虑或注意力缺陷/多动障碍症状或认知、适应或语言能力方面没有差异：本研究通过记录该群体社交互动特征的表型变异（包括主动和被动社交互动风格），加深了人们对 FXS 相关自闭症的了解。这两种社交互动方式与 FXS 常见表型特征的不同表现无关，这表明他们需要类似的支持。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Intellectual Disability Research Multiple-

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

5.60%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Journal of Intellectual Disability Research is devoted exclusively to the scientific study of intellectual disability and publishes papers reporting original observations in this field. The subject matter is broad and includes, but is not restricted to, findings from biological, educational, genetic, medical, psychiatric, psychological and sociological studies, and ethical, philosophical, and legal contributions that increase knowledge on the treatment and prevention of intellectual disability and of associated impairments and disabilities, and/or inform public policy and practice. Expert reviews on themes in which recent research has produced notable advances will be included. Such reviews will normally be by invitation.