Perspective: Mexico’s Experience in Building a Toolkit for Obesity and Noncommunicable Diseases Prevention

IF 8 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Juan A Rivera , Mónica Arantxa Colchero , Carolina Pérez-Ferrer , Simón Barquera
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Abstract

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, with a higher risk of death in low- and middle-income countries. Diet and excess weight are risk factors for NCDs. In Mexico, the prevalence of overweight and obesity increased dramatically in the last 30 y and is among the highest in the world. To address this public health problem, governments and public health professionals have several policy instruments available. In this study, we present the policy instruments currently approved in Mexico, which include fiscal, informational, and authoritative tools that aim to improve the food environment and promote healthy behaviors (taxes, school food guidelines, front-of-pack labeling, marketing regulations, and dietary guidelines). These types of interventions are important in regions like Latin America, where social inequities and poor access to information are common, and individual healthy choices are often limited. These interventions target the environments in which individuals live, study, work, and seek entertainment, while limiting access to unhealthy choices and offering information to promote healthy alternatives. The Mexican experience in design, implementation, and evaluation of policies to improve the food environment can be useful for other low- and middle-income countries facing similar challenges.

透视:墨西哥在建立肥胖和非传染性疾病预防工具包方面的经验。
非传染性疾病(NCD)是全球死亡和残疾的主要原因,中低收入国家的死亡风险更高。饮食和体重超标是非传染性疾病的风险因素。在墨西哥,超重和肥胖的发生率在过去 30 年中急剧上升,是世界上最高的国家之一。为了解决这一公共卫生问题,政府和公共卫生专业人员有多种政策工具可供选择。在本研究中,我们介绍了墨西哥目前批准的政策工具,其中包括旨在改善食品环境和促进健康行为的财政、信息和权威工具(税收、学校食品指南、包装前标签、营销法规和膳食指南)。这些类型的干预措施在拉丁美洲等地区非常重要,因为这些地区普遍存在社会不平等和信息获取渠道不畅的问题,个人的健康选择往往受到限制。这些干预措施针对的是个人生活、学习、工作和娱乐的环境,同时限制获得不健康选择的机会,并提供信息以推广健康的替代品。墨西哥在设计、实施和评估改善食品环境政策方面的经验对面临类似挑战的其他中低收入国家很有帮助。意义说明:有许多具有成本效益的政策工具有助于改善食品环境和预防非传染性疾病。在不平等现象严重、食品系统被鼓励生产不健康食品的国家,需要综合运用各种政策工具,有效改变食品环境,促进人们选择更健康的食品,预防和控制肥胖症和非传染性疾病的增长趋势。此外,还需要采取更加复杂的全球性举措来实现粮食系统的转型。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Advances in Nutrition
Advances in Nutrition 医学-营养学
CiteScore
17.40
自引率
2.20%
发文量
117
审稿时长
56 days
期刊介绍: Advances in Nutrition (AN/Adv Nutr) publishes focused reviews on pivotal findings and recent research across all domains relevant to nutritional scientists and biomedical researchers. This encompasses nutrition-related research spanning biochemical, molecular, and genetic studies using experimental animal models, domestic animals, and human subjects. The journal also emphasizes clinical nutrition, epidemiology and public health, and nutrition education. Review articles concentrate on recent progress rather than broad historical developments. In addition to review articles, AN includes Perspectives, Letters to the Editor, and supplements. Supplement proposals require pre-approval by the editor before submission. The journal features reports and position papers from the American Society for Nutrition, summaries of major government and foundation reports, and Nutrient Information briefs providing crucial details about dietary requirements, food sources, deficiencies, and other essential nutrient information. All submissions with scientific content undergo peer review by the Editors or their designees prior to acceptance for publication.
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