Phenolic profile of unripe areca nuts cultivated in various districts of Karnataka, India

JSFA reports Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI:10.1002/jsf2.169

Priyanka Hugar, Ankita Dutta, S. Srilakshmi, Prasanna D. Belur, Keyur Raval, Regupathi Iyyaswami

{"title":"Phenolic profile of unripe areca nuts cultivated in various districts of Karnataka, India","authors":"Priyanka Hugar, Ankita Dutta, S. Srilakshmi, Prasanna D. Belur, Keyur Raval, Regupathi Iyyaswami","doi":"10.1002/jsf2.169","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background</h3>\n \n <p>Annual production of areca nut in Karnataka state exceeds 1.08 million tonnes, contributing 80% and 49% to Indian and global production, respectively. Areca nut (pericarp of <i>Areca catechu</i> L.) is found to be a rich source of valuable phenolic compounds. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were estimated in 21 unripe areca nut samples collected from the major areca nut growing regions of Karnataka state. Arecoline, a prominent alkaloid present in areca nut was estimated and phenolic profile of one areca nut sample was generated using UHPLC–MS/MS studies.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>A significant variability was found in TPC, TFC and arecoline content among the samples, belongs to different agroclimatic zones. Flavonoids were found to be the major phenolic compounds present in these unripe areca nut samples. The median values of TPC, TFC and arecoline were found to be 99.609 ± 0.002 mg gallic acid equivalent, 78.86 ± 0.007 mg catechin equivalent and 2.17 ± 0.13 mg/g of the sample on fresh weight basis. A positive correlation was found to exist between TPC and arecoline content in the green unripe areca nuts of 6–7 months' maturity. Through UHPLC–MS/MS studies, 61 prominent compounds have been identified.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\n \n <p>The TPC and TFC of areca nuts collected from different districts of Karnataka falling in various agroclimatic zones varied significantly. In general, the arecoline content found in all these samples was less than that reported elsewhere, and the variability among the samples was also found to be minimal. A positive correlation was observed between TPC and arecoline. UHPLC–MS/MS studies showed the presence of about 52 unique phenolic compounds.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":93795,"journal":{"name":"JSFA reports","volume":"4 2","pages":"102-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jsf2.169","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"JSFA reports","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jsf2.169","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Annual production of areca nut in Karnataka state exceeds 1.08 million tonnes, contributing 80% and 49% to Indian and global production, respectively. Areca nut (pericarp of Areca catechu L.) is found to be a rich source of valuable phenolic compounds. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were estimated in 21 unripe areca nut samples collected from the major areca nut growing regions of Karnataka state. Arecoline, a prominent alkaloid present in areca nut was estimated and phenolic profile of one areca nut sample was generated using UHPLC–MS/MS studies.

Results

A significant variability was found in TPC, TFC and arecoline content among the samples, belongs to different agroclimatic zones. Flavonoids were found to be the major phenolic compounds present in these unripe areca nut samples. The median values of TPC, TFC and arecoline were found to be 99.609 ± 0.002 mg gallic acid equivalent, 78.86 ± 0.007 mg catechin equivalent and 2.17 ± 0.13 mg/g of the sample on fresh weight basis. A positive correlation was found to exist between TPC and arecoline content in the green unripe areca nuts of 6–7 months' maturity. Through UHPLC–MS/MS studies, 61 prominent compounds have been identified.

Conclusion

The TPC and TFC of areca nuts collected from different districts of Karnataka falling in various agroclimatic zones varied significantly. In general, the arecoline content found in all these samples was less than that reported elsewhere, and the variability among the samples was also found to be minimal. A positive correlation was observed between TPC and arecoline. UHPLC–MS/MS studies showed the presence of about 52 unique phenolic compounds.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

印度卡纳塔克邦各地区种植的未成熟阿萨卡坚果的酚类物质概况

卡纳塔克邦的阿卡坚果年产量超过 108 万吨，分别占印度和全球产量的 80% 和 49%。人们发现，阿卡坚果（Areca catechu L. 的果皮）是宝贵的酚类化合物的丰富来源。我们对从卡纳塔克邦主要的儿茶坚果种植区采集的 21 个未成熟的儿茶坚果样本中的总酚含量（TPC）和总黄酮含量（TFC）进行了估算。通过超高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱（UHPLC-MS/MS）研究，估算了存在于果中的一种主要生物碱--槟榔碱（Arecoline）的含量，并生成了一份槟榔样本的酚类物质图谱。黄酮类化合物是这些未成熟果仁样本中的主要酚类化合物。按鲜重计算，每克样品中 TPC、TFC 和异胆碱的中值分别为 99.609 ± 0.002 毫克没食子酸当量、78.86 ± 0.007 毫克儿茶素当量和 2.17 ± 0.13 毫克。研究发现，在成熟 6-7 个月的未成熟青果中，TPC 和异胆碱含量呈正相关。通过超高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱（UHPLC-MS/MS）研究，确定了 61 种主要化合物。从卡纳塔克邦不同地区收集到的属于不同农业气候区的山苍子坚果的 TPC 和 TFC 有很大差异。总的来说，在所有这些样本中发现的山豆根碱含量都低于其他地方报告的含量，而且样本之间的差异也很小。在 TPC 和异胆碱之间发现了正相关。超高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱研究显示存在约 52 种独特的酚类化合物。本文受版权保护。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

JSFA reports

自引率

0.00%

发文量