Stimulus control of habits: Evidence for both stimulus specificity and devaluation insensitivity in a dual-response task

IF 1.4 3区 心理学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
K. M. Turner, B. W. Balleine
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Goal-directed and habitual actions are clearly defined by their associative relations. Whereas goal-directed control can be confirmed via tests of outcome devaluation and contingency-degradation sensitivity, a comparable criterion for positively detecting habits has not been established. To confirm habitual responding, a test of control by the stimulus–response association is required while also ruling out goal-directed control. Here we describe an approach to developing such a test in rats using two discriminative stimuli that set the occasion for two different responses that then earn the same outcome. Performance was insensitive to outcome devaluation and showed stimulus–response specificity, indicative of stimulus-controlled behavior. The reliance of stimulus–response associations was further supported by a lack of sensitivity during the single extinction test session used here. These results demonstrate that two concurrently trained responses can come under habitual control when they share a common outcome. By reducing the ability of one stimulus to signal its corresponding response–outcome association, we found evidence for goal-directed control that can be dissociated from habits. Overall, these experiments provide evidence that tests assessing specific stimulus–response associations can be used to investigate habits.

Abstract Image

刺激对习惯的控制:双重反应任务中刺激特异性和贬值不敏感性的证据
目标定向行为和习惯性行为是由其关联关系明确界定的。目标定向控制可以通过结果贬值测试和或然性降级敏感性测试得到证实,而用于积极检测习惯的类似标准尚未建立。要确认习惯性反应,需要对刺激-反应联结进行控制测试,同时还要排除目标导向控制。在这里,我们描述了一种在大鼠身上开发这种测试的方法,即使用两种辨别刺激,为两种不同的反应创造机会,然后获得相同的结果。大鼠的行为表现对结果贬值不敏感,并表现出刺激-反应特异性,这表明大鼠的行为受刺激控制。在这里使用的单次消退测试过程中缺乏敏感性,进一步证明了刺激-反应关联的依赖性。这些结果表明,当两个同时训练的反应具有共同的结果时,它们就会受到习惯性控制。通过降低一种刺激发出相应反应-结果关联信号的能力,我们发现了目标导向控制的证据,这种控制可以与习惯分离。总之,这些实验提供的证据表明,评估特定刺激-反应关联的测试可用于研究习惯。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
14.80%
发文量
83
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior is primarily for the original publication of experiments relevant to the behavior of individual organisms.
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