Impact of steaming and roasting heat-treatment on physico-chemical and functional properties of walnut kernel

IF 1.9 4区 农林科学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED
Xiaoyan Zhao, Xiangrui Ren, Hongkai Liu, Xiaowei Zhang, Meng Wang, Haifang Hu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In this study, the effect of steaming and roasting treatment on the physicochemical and functional properties of walnut kernel at 95°C for different time (15, 20, and 30 min) was investigated. Steaming and roasting treatments significantly increased the enthalpy change for protein denaturation, in-vitro digestibility, viscosity, storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″) (p < 0.05), the order from high to low was steaming (7.11–8.69 J g−1; the gastric and intestinal digestion: 1.21%–17.83% and 1.51%–27.31%, respectively; 134.04–450.49 Pa s; 214.28–1047.14 and 61.72–196.09 Pa) > roasting (6.24–7.07 J g−1; the gastric and intestinal digestion: 1.26–15.42% and 1.21–22.37% a, respectively; 16.92–86.07 Pa s; 6.58–209.85 and 3.08–67.14) > untreated (4.53 J g−1; the gastric and intestinal digestion: 0.24%–4.18% and 1.00–7.58%, respectively; 17.06 Pa s; 5.78 and 1.79 Pa). All samples contained the essential amino acids, the amino acid score of samples by steaming was the highest. In addition, the protein of walnut kernel after heating treatment contained more α-helix and random coil structures compared to the untreated sample, while β-sheet and β-turns structures decreased. Moreover, the thermal treatment could cause the changes of the water/oil holding capacity, foaming and emulsifying properties of walnut kernel flour. When there were differences between the results of steaming and roasting samples, it was concluded that the water played an important role in steaming. These results suggested that the thermal treatment as an effective approach could improve the physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of walnut kernel and be potentially applied in the food processing.

蒸煮和烘焙热处理对核桃仁物理化学和功能特性的影响
本研究调查了在 95°C 温度下不同时间(15、20 和 30 分钟)蒸煮和烘焙处理对核桃仁理化和功能特性的影响。蒸煮和焙烤处理明显增加了蛋白质变性焓变、体外消化率、粘度、储藏模量(G′)和损失模量(G″)(p < 0.05),从高到低的顺序是蒸煮(7.11-8.69 J g-1;胃肠消化:1.21%-17.83%)和焙烤(1.21%-17.83%):分别为 1.21%-17.83%和 1.51%-27.31%;134.04-450.49 Pa s;214.28-1047.14 和 61.72-196.09 Pa);烤(6.24-7.07 J g-1;胃肠消化率分别为 1.26%-15.42%和 1.51%-27.31%):分别为 1.26-15.42% 和 1.21-22.37% a;16.92-86.07 Pa s;6.58-209.85 和 3.08-67.14)> 未经处理(4.53 J g-1;胃肠消化率:0.24%-4.18%;6.58-209.85 和 3.08-67.14)> 未经处理(4.53 J g-1;胃肠消化率:0.24%-4.18分别为 0.24%-4.18% 和 1.00-7.58%; 17.06 Pa s; 5.78 和 1.79 Pa)。所有样品都含有人体必需的氨基酸,蒸煮样品的氨基酸得分最高。此外,与未处理的样品相比,加热处理后的核桃仁蛋白质含有更多的α-螺旋结构和无规线圈结构,而β-片状结构和β-匝结构则有所减少。此外,热处理会导致核桃仁粉的持水性/持油性、发泡性和乳化性发生变化。当蒸煮和烘焙样品的结果存在差异时,可以得出结论:水分在蒸煮中起了重要作用。这些结果表明,热处理作为一种有效的方法,可以改善核桃仁的物理化学、结构和功能特性,并有可能应用于食品加工。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
5.00%
发文量
95
审稿时长
2.4 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society (JAOCS) is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes significant original scientific research and technological advances on fats, oils, oilseed proteins, and related materials through original research articles, invited reviews, short communications, and letters to the editor. We seek to publish reports that will significantly advance scientific understanding through hypothesis driven research, innovations, and important new information pertaining to analysis, properties, processing, products, and applications of these food and industrial resources. Breakthroughs in food science and technology, biotechnology (including genomics, biomechanisms, biocatalysis and bioprocessing), and industrial products and applications are particularly appropriate. JAOCS also considers reports on the lipid composition of new, unique, and traditional sources of lipids that definitively address a research hypothesis and advances scientific understanding. However, the genus and species of the source must be verified by appropriate means of classification. In addition, the GPS location of the harvested materials and seed or vegetative samples should be deposited in an accredited germplasm repository. Compositional data suitable for Original Research Articles must embody replicated estimate of tissue constituents, such as oil, protein, carbohydrate, fatty acid, phospholipid, tocopherol, sterol, and carotenoid compositions. Other components unique to the specific plant or animal source may be reported. Furthermore, lipid composition papers should incorporate elements of year­to­year, environmental, and/ or cultivar variations through use of appropriate statistical analyses.
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