Fungal Anthraquinone Photoantimicrobials Challenge the Dogma of Cationic Photosensitizers

IF 3.3 2区生物学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL

Journal of Natural Products Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI:10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c01157

Fabian Hammerle, Johannes Fiala, Anja Höck, Lesley Huymann, Pamela Vrabl, Yurii Husiev, Sylvestre Bonnet, Ursula Peintner and Bianka Siewert*,

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

The photoantimicrobial potential of four mushroom species (i.e., Cortinarius cinnabarinus, C. holoxanthus, C. malicorius, and C. sanguineus) was explored by studying the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) via a light-modified broth microdilution assay based on the recommended protocols of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). The extracts were tested against Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus under blue (λ = 428 and 478 nm, H = 30 J/cm²) and green light (λ = 528 nm, H = 30 J/cm²) irradiation. Three extracts showed significant photoantimicrobial effects at concentrations below 25 μg/mL. Targeted isolation of the major pigments from C. sanguineus led to the identification of two new potent photoantimicrobials, one of them (i.e., dermocybin) being active against S. aureus and C. albicans under green light irradiation [PhotoMIC⁵³⁰ = 39.5 μM (12.5 μg/mL) and 2.4 μM (0.75 μg/mL), respectively] and the other one (i.e., emodin) being in addition active against E. coli in a low micromolar range [PhotoMIC⁴²⁸ = 11.1 μM (3 μg/mL)]. Intriguingly, dermocybin was not (photo)cytotoxic against the three tested cell lines, adding an additional level of selectivity. Since both photoantimicrobials are not charged, this discovery shifts the paradigm of cationic photosensitizers.

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真菌蒽醌光抗菌剂挑战阳离子光敏剂的教条。

根据欧洲抗菌药物敏感性测试委员会（EUCAST）的推荐方案，通过光改良肉汤微量稀释法研究最小抑制浓度（MIC），探索了四种蘑菇（即朱砂Cortinarius、霍氏菌C.holoxantus、苹果菌C.maliciarius和血红菌C.sangeus）的光抗微生物潜力。在蓝光（λ=428和478nm，H=30J/cm2）和绿光（λ=528nm，H=30kJ/cm2）照射下，对提取物进行了抗白色念珠菌、大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的试验。三种提取物在浓度低于25μg/mL时显示出显著的光抗微生物作用。从血红杆菌中靶向分离主要色素导致鉴定出两种新的强效光抗微生物剂，其中一种（即花青素）在绿光照射下对金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌具有活性[PhotoMIC530=39.5μM（12.5μg/mL）和2.4μM（0.75μg/mL。有趣的是，花青素对三种测试的细胞系没有（光）细胞毒性，增加了额外的选择性。由于两种光抗微生物剂都不带电，这一发现改变了阳离子光敏剂的范式。

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来源期刊

Journal of Natural Products 生物-药学

CiteScore

9.10

自引率

5.90%

发文量

294

审稿时长

2.3 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Natural Products invites and publishes papers that make substantial and scholarly contributions to the area of natural products research. Contributions may relate to the chemistry and/or biochemistry of naturally occurring compounds or the biology of living systems from which they are obtained. Specifically, there may be articles that describe secondary metabolites of microorganisms, including antibiotics and mycotoxins; physiologically active compounds from terrestrial and marine plants and animals; biochemical studies, including biosynthesis and microbiological transformations; fermentation and plant tissue culture; the isolation, structure elucidation, and chemical synthesis of novel compounds from nature; and the pharmacology of compounds of natural origin. When new compounds are reported, manuscripts describing their biological activity are much preferred. Specifically, there may be articles that describe secondary metabolites of microorganisms, including antibiotics and mycotoxins; physiologically active compounds from terrestrial and marine plants and animals; biochemical studies, including biosynthesis and microbiological transformations; fermentation and plant tissue culture; the isolation, structure elucidation, and chemical synthesis of novel compounds from nature; and the pharmacology of compounds of natural origin.