Cognitive disengagement syndrome (sluggish cognitive tempo) and medical conditions: a systematic review and call for future research.

IF 1.6 3区 心理学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Child Neuropsychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-15 DOI:10.1080/09297049.2023.2256052
Joseph W Fredrick, Lisa A Jacobson, Rachel K Peterson, Stephen P Becker
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Abstract

Cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS, previously referred to as sluggish cognitive tempo) is a unique set of symptoms distinct from ADHD inattentive symptoms that appear to be independently associated with neuropsychological and psychosocial outcomes in community and ADHD-specific samples of youth. However, our understanding of CDS in individuals with chronic or complex medical conditions is limited. The current systematic review is the first to summarize the literature on CDS prevalence rates and associations with neurocognitive and functional outcomes in youth with medical conditions, and to discuss areas of future research to guide clinical intervention. We conducted literature searches across four major databases and included studies assessing prevalence estimates, associations with neuropsychological and/or psychosocial functioning, or predictors of CDS in individuals with chronic or complex medical conditions. Twenty-five studies were identified and retained. Fifteen of sixteen studies reported elevations in CDS symptoms, though findings were mixed in studies comparing mean differences to typically developing youth. Seven studies provided inconsistent evidence for CDS being associated with neuropsychological or academic functioning, with six studies demonstrating consistent effects on psychosocial functioning. Finally, nine studies identified biological and sociodemographic factors associated with CDS, though almost all await replication. CDS symptoms are significantly elevated in youth with medical conditions and appear to be particularly linked with psychosocial functioning. Future research is needed to identify prevalence of CDS across a range of medical conditions, examine associations with neuropsychological and psychosocial functioning, and examine whether CDS impacts self-management.

认知脱离综合征(认知节奏迟缓)与医疗条件:系统回顾与未来研究呼吁。
认知脱离综合征(CDS,以前称为认知节奏迟缓)是一组不同于多动症注意力不集中症状的独特症状,在社区和多动症特定青少年样本中,这些症状似乎与神经心理和社会心理结果独立相关。然而,我们对慢性或复杂病症患者 CDS 的了解还很有限。目前的系统性综述首次总结了有关患有内科疾病的青少年的 CDS 患病率及其与神经认知和功能结果的关系的文献,并讨论了未来的研究领域,以指导临床干预。我们在四个主要数据库中进行了文献检索,纳入了评估慢性或复杂病症患者 CDS 患病率估计值、与神经心理和/或社会心理功能的关联或预测因素的研究。最终确定并保留了 25 项研究。16 项研究中有 15 项报告了 CDS 症状的升高,但在比较与发育正常青少年的平均差异的研究中,结果不一。有 7 项研究提供了不一致的证据,证明 CDS 与神经心理或学习功能相关,有 6 项研究证明 CDS 对社会心理功能有一致的影响。最后,有九项研究确定了与 CDS 相关的生物和社会人口因素,但几乎所有研究都有待重复。CDS症状在患有疾病的青少年中明显升高,而且似乎与社会心理功能特别相关。未来的研究需要确定 CDS 在各种病症中的患病率,研究 CDS 与神经心理和社会心理功能的关系,以及研究 CDS 是否会影响自我管理。
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来源期刊
Child Neuropsychology
Child Neuropsychology 医学-临床神经学
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
9.10%
发文量
71
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The purposes of Child Neuropsychology are to: publish research on the neuropsychological effects of disorders which affect brain functioning in children and adolescents, publish research on the neuropsychological dimensions of development in childhood and adolescence and promote the integration of theory, method and research findings in child/developmental neuropsychology. The primary emphasis of Child Neuropsychology is to publish original empirical research. Theoretical and methodological papers and theoretically relevant case studies are welcome. Critical reviews of topics pertinent to child/developmental neuropsychology are encouraged. Emphases of interest include the following: information processing mechanisms; the impact of injury or disease on neuropsychological functioning; behavioral cognitive and pharmacological approaches to treatment/intervention; psychosocial correlates of neuropsychological dysfunction; definitive normative, reliability, and validity studies of psychometric and other procedures used in the neuropsychological assessment of children and adolescents. Articles on both normal and dysfunctional development that are relevant to the aforementioned dimensions are welcome. Multiple approaches (e.g., basic, applied, clinical) and multiple methodologies (e.g., cross-sectional, longitudinal, experimental, multivariate, correlational) are appropriate. Books, media, and software reviews will be published.
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