The Future of Decisions From Experience: Connecting Real-World Decision Problems to Cognitive Processes.

IF 10.5 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Perspectives on Psychological Science Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-30 DOI:10.1177/17456916231179138
Sebastian Olschewski, Ashley Luckman, Alice Mason, Elliot A Ludvig, Emmanouil Konstantinidis
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In many important real-world decision domains, such as finance, the environment, and health, behavior is strongly influenced by experience. Renewed interest in studying this influence led to important advancements in the understanding of these decisions from experience (DfE) in the last 20 years. Building on this literature, we suggest ways the standard experimental design should be extended to better approach important real-world DfE. These extensions include, for example, introducing more complex choice situations, delaying feedback, and including social interactions. When acting upon experiences in these richer and more complicated environments, extensive cognitive processes go into making a decision. Therefore, we argue for integrating cognitive processes more explicitly into experimental research in DfE. These cognitive processes include attention to and perception of numeric and nonnumeric experiences, the influence of episodic and semantic memory, and the mental models involved in learning processes. Understanding these basic cognitive processes can advance the modeling, understanding and prediction of DfE in the laboratory and in the real world. We highlight the potential of experimental research in DfE for theory integration across the behavioral, decision, and cognitive sciences. Furthermore, this research could lead to new methodology that better informs decision-making and policy interventions.

经验决策的未来:将现实世界中的决策问题与认知过程联系起来。
在现实世界的许多重要决策领域,如金融、环境和健康,人们的行为都深受经验的影响。在过去的 20 年里,人们对研究这种影响的兴趣重新燃起,从而在理解这些来自经验的决策(DfE)方面取得了重要进展。在这些文献的基础上,我们提出了标准实验设计的扩展方法,以更好地接近现实世界中重要的 DfE。这些扩展包括引入更复杂的选择情境、延迟反馈以及加入社会互动等。在这些更丰富、更复杂的环境中根据经验做出决定时,需要经过大量的认知过程。因此,我们主张将认知过程更明确地纳入幼儿发展教育的实验研究中。这些认知过程包括对数字和非数字经验的注意和感知、历时记忆和语义记忆的影响以及学习过程中涉及的心理模型。了解这些基本认知过程可以促进在实验室和现实世界中对 DfE 的建模、理解和预测。我们强调了 DfE 实验研究在行为科学、决策科学和认知科学理论整合方面的潜力。此外,这项研究还能带来新的方法论,为决策和政策干预提供更好的信息。
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来源期刊
Perspectives on Psychological Science
Perspectives on Psychological Science PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
22.70
自引率
4.00%
发文量
111
期刊介绍: Perspectives on Psychological Science is a journal that publishes a diverse range of articles and reports in the field of psychology. The journal includes broad integrative reviews, overviews of research programs, meta-analyses, theoretical statements, book reviews, and articles on various topics such as the philosophy of science and opinion pieces about major issues in the field. It also features autobiographical reflections of senior members of the field, occasional humorous essays and sketches, and even has a section for invited and submitted articles. The impact of the journal can be seen through the reverberation of a 2009 article on correlative analyses commonly used in neuroimaging studies, which still influences the field. Additionally, a recent special issue of Perspectives, featuring prominent researchers discussing the "Next Big Questions in Psychology," is shaping the future trajectory of the discipline. Perspectives on Psychological Science provides metrics that showcase the performance of the journal. However, the Association for Psychological Science, of which the journal is a signatory of DORA, recommends against using journal-based metrics for assessing individual scientist contributions, such as for hiring, promotion, or funding decisions. Therefore, the metrics provided by Perspectives on Psychological Science should only be used by those interested in evaluating the journal itself.
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