Lawrence T. Dauer , Linda Walsh , Michael T. Mumma , Sarah S. Cohen , Ashley P. Golden , Sara C. Howard , Grace E. Roemer , John D. Boice Jr
{"title":"月亮、火星和心灵：在百万人低剂量效应研究中评估美国辐射工作者和退伍军人的帕金森病死亡率。","authors":"Lawrence T. Dauer , Linda Walsh , Michael T. Mumma , Sarah S. Cohen , Ashley P. Golden , Sara C. Howard , Grace E. Roemer , John D. Boice Jr","doi":"10.1016/j.zemedi.2023.07.002","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Radiation is one of the most important stressors related to missions in space beyond Earth’s orbit. Epidemiologic studies of exposed workers have reported elevated rates of Parkinson’s disease. The importance of cognitive dysfunction related to low-dose rate radiation in humans is not defined. A meta-analysis was conducted of six cohorts in the Million Person Study (MPS) of low-dose health effects to learn whether there is consistent evidence that Parkinson’s disease is associated with radiation dose to brain.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>The MPS evaluates all causes of death among U.S. radiation workers and veterans, including Parkinson’s disease. Systematic and consistent methods are applied to study all categories of workers including medical radiation workers, industrial radiographers, nuclear power plant workers, atomic veterans, and Manhattan Projects workers at the Los Alamos National Laboratory and at Rocky Flats. Consistent methods for all cohorts are used to estimate organ-specific doses and to obtain vital status and cause of death.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The meta-analysis include 6 cohorts within the MPS, consisting of 517,608 workers and 17,219,001 person-years of observation. The mean dose to brain ranged from 6.9 to 47.6 mGy and the maximum dose from 0.76 to 2.7 Gy. Five of the 6 cohorts revealed positive associations with Parkinson’s disease. The overall summary estimate from the meta-analysis was statistically significant based on 1573 deaths due to Parkinson’s disease. The summary excess relative risk at 100 mGy was 0.17 (95% CI: 0.05; 0.29).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Parkinson’s disease was positively associated with radiation in the MPS cohorts indicating the need for careful evaluation as to causality in other studies, delineation of possible mechanisms, and assessing possible implications for space travel as well as radiation protection guidance for terrestrial workers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54397,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik","volume":"34 1","pages":"Pages 100-110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0939388923000843/pdfft?md5=55de90c157fa0c23b32bb59c61d5b42c&pid=1-s2.0-S0939388923000843-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Moon, Mars and Minds: Evaluating Parkinson’s disease mortality among U.S. radiation workers and veterans in the million person study of low-dose effects\",\"authors\":\"Lawrence T. Dauer , Linda Walsh , Michael T. Mumma , Sarah S. Cohen , Ashley P. Golden , Sara C. Howard , Grace E. Roemer , John D. Boice Jr\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.zemedi.2023.07.002\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Radiation is one of the most important stressors related to missions in space beyond Earth’s orbit. Epidemiologic studies of exposed workers have reported elevated rates of Parkinson’s disease. The importance of cognitive dysfunction related to low-dose rate radiation in humans is not defined. A meta-analysis was conducted of six cohorts in the Million Person Study (MPS) of low-dose health effects to learn whether there is consistent evidence that Parkinson’s disease is associated with radiation dose to brain.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>The MPS evaluates all causes of death among U.S. radiation workers and veterans, including Parkinson’s disease. Systematic and consistent methods are applied to study all categories of workers including medical radiation workers, industrial radiographers, nuclear power plant workers, atomic veterans, and Manhattan Projects workers at the Los Alamos National Laboratory and at Rocky Flats. Consistent methods for all cohorts are used to estimate organ-specific doses and to obtain vital status and cause of death.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The meta-analysis include 6 cohorts within the MPS, consisting of 517,608 workers and 17,219,001 person-years of observation. The mean dose to brain ranged from 6.9 to 47.6 mGy and the maximum dose from 0.76 to 2.7 Gy. Five of the 6 cohorts revealed positive associations with Parkinson’s disease. The overall summary estimate from the meta-analysis was statistically significant based on 1573 deaths due to Parkinson’s disease. The summary excess relative risk at 100 mGy was 0.17 (95% CI: 0.05; 0.29).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Parkinson’s disease was positively associated with radiation in the MPS cohorts indicating the need for careful evaluation as to causality in other studies, delineation of possible mechanisms, and assessing possible implications for space travel as well as radiation protection guidance for terrestrial workers.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":54397,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik\",\"volume\":\"34 1\",\"pages\":\"Pages 100-110\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-02-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0939388923000843/pdfft?md5=55de90c157fa0c23b32bb59c61d5b42c&pid=1-s2.0-S0939388923000843-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0939388923000843\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0939388923000843","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING","Score":null,"Total":0}
Moon, Mars and Minds: Evaluating Parkinson’s disease mortality among U.S. radiation workers and veterans in the million person study of low-dose effects
Background
Radiation is one of the most important stressors related to missions in space beyond Earth’s orbit. Epidemiologic studies of exposed workers have reported elevated rates of Parkinson’s disease. The importance of cognitive dysfunction related to low-dose rate radiation in humans is not defined. A meta-analysis was conducted of six cohorts in the Million Person Study (MPS) of low-dose health effects to learn whether there is consistent evidence that Parkinson’s disease is associated with radiation dose to brain.
Materials and methods
The MPS evaluates all causes of death among U.S. radiation workers and veterans, including Parkinson’s disease. Systematic and consistent methods are applied to study all categories of workers including medical radiation workers, industrial radiographers, nuclear power plant workers, atomic veterans, and Manhattan Projects workers at the Los Alamos National Laboratory and at Rocky Flats. Consistent methods for all cohorts are used to estimate organ-specific doses and to obtain vital status and cause of death.
Results
The meta-analysis include 6 cohorts within the MPS, consisting of 517,608 workers and 17,219,001 person-years of observation. The mean dose to brain ranged from 6.9 to 47.6 mGy and the maximum dose from 0.76 to 2.7 Gy. Five of the 6 cohorts revealed positive associations with Parkinson’s disease. The overall summary estimate from the meta-analysis was statistically significant based on 1573 deaths due to Parkinson’s disease. The summary excess relative risk at 100 mGy was 0.17 (95% CI: 0.05; 0.29).
Conclusions
Parkinson’s disease was positively associated with radiation in the MPS cohorts indicating the need for careful evaluation as to causality in other studies, delineation of possible mechanisms, and assessing possible implications for space travel as well as radiation protection guidance for terrestrial workers.
期刊介绍：
Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik (Journal of Medical Physics) is an official organ of the German and Austrian Society of Medical Physic and the Swiss Society of Radiobiology and Medical Physics.The Journal is a platform for basic research and practical applications of physical procedures in medical diagnostics and therapy. The articles are reviewed following international standards of peer reviewing.
Focuses of the articles are:
-Biophysical methods in radiation therapy and nuclear medicine
-Dosimetry and radiation protection
-Radiological diagnostics and quality assurance
-Modern imaging techniques, such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography
-Ultrasonography diagnostics, application of laser and UV rays
-Electronic processing of biosignals
-Artificial intelligence and machine learning in medical physics
In the Journal, the latest scientific insights find their expression in the form of original articles, reviews, technical communications, and information for the clinical practice.
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