{"title":"猫和狗的静止性不等角畸形伴自然发生的蜱麻痹(全环硬蜱)。","authors":"CT Holland","doi":"10.1111/avj.13276","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\nTo characterise the novel occurrence and neuro-ophthalmological features of static anisocoria in cats and dogs with tick paralysis (TP) (Ixodes holocyclus) due to a single tick located remote from the head and neck.\n\n\nDESIGN\nObservational case series with retrospective analysis.\n\n\nMETHODS\nMedical records were reviewed from 69 cats and 169 dogs treated for TP from a suburban veterinary hospital in Newcastle, New South Whales, between September 2005 and October 2021.\n\n\nRESULTS\nAnisocoria was observed in 2/18 (11.1%) cats and 3/30 (10.0%) dogs with a single tick located remote from the head and neck. These proportions were not different when compared within species to 4 of 28 (14.3%) cats and 16 of 98 (16.3%) dogs with aniscocoria with a single tick located on the head and neck region (P = 1 and 0.56 respectively). Anisocoria arose from pupillary efferent dysfunction and included unilateral oculoparasympathetic dysfunction (internal ophthalmoplegia) in one dog, unilateral oculosympathetic dysfunction (Horner's syndrome) in one cat and one dog, and a combination of bilateral, but asymmetric, oculosympathetic and oculoparasympathetic dysfunction in one cat and one dog.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nIt is proposed that anisocoria in cases of TP with a tick located remote from the head and neck is due to an intrinsic latent asymmetry in the safety factor for pupillary efferent function that is unmasked by a systemically distributed holocyclotoxin inhibiting neural transmission within this system, and this is the prevailing pathomechanism, rather than a direct local effect, underscoring anisocoria with a tick located on the head or neck.","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3000,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Static anisocoria in cats and dogs with naturally occurring tick paralysis (Ixodes holocyclus)\",\"authors\":\"CT Holland\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/avj.13276\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"OBJECTIVE\\nTo characterise the novel occurrence and neuro-ophthalmological features of static anisocoria in cats and dogs with tick paralysis (TP) (Ixodes holocyclus) due to a single tick located remote from the head and neck.\\n\\n\\nDESIGN\\nObservational case series with retrospective analysis.\\n\\n\\nMETHODS\\nMedical records were reviewed from 69 cats and 169 dogs treated for TP from a suburban veterinary hospital in Newcastle, New South Whales, between September 2005 and October 2021.\\n\\n\\nRESULTS\\nAnisocoria was observed in 2/18 (11.1%) cats and 3/30 (10.0%) dogs with a single tick located remote from the head and neck. These proportions were not different when compared within species to 4 of 28 (14.3%) cats and 16 of 98 (16.3%) dogs with aniscocoria with a single tick located on the head and neck region (P = 1 and 0.56 respectively). Anisocoria arose from pupillary efferent dysfunction and included unilateral oculoparasympathetic dysfunction (internal ophthalmoplegia) in one dog, unilateral oculosympathetic dysfunction (Horner's syndrome) in one cat and one dog, and a combination of bilateral, but asymmetric, oculosympathetic and oculoparasympathetic dysfunction in one cat and one dog.\\n\\n\\nCONCLUSION\\nIt is proposed that anisocoria in cases of TP with a tick located remote from the head and neck is due to an intrinsic latent asymmetry in the safety factor for pupillary efferent function that is unmasked by a systemically distributed holocyclotoxin inhibiting neural transmission within this system, and this is the prevailing pathomechanism, rather than a direct local effect, underscoring anisocoria with a tick located on the head or neck.\",\"PeriodicalId\":8661,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Australian Veterinary Journal\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-08-13\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Australian Veterinary Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/avj.13276\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"VETERINARY SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Australian Veterinary Journal","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/avj.13276","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"VETERINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Static anisocoria in cats and dogs with naturally occurring tick paralysis (Ixodes holocyclus)
OBJECTIVE
To characterise the novel occurrence and neuro-ophthalmological features of static anisocoria in cats and dogs with tick paralysis (TP) (Ixodes holocyclus) due to a single tick located remote from the head and neck.
DESIGN
Observational case series with retrospective analysis.
METHODS
Medical records were reviewed from 69 cats and 169 dogs treated for TP from a suburban veterinary hospital in Newcastle, New South Whales, between September 2005 and October 2021.
RESULTS
Anisocoria was observed in 2/18 (11.1%) cats and 3/30 (10.0%) dogs with a single tick located remote from the head and neck. These proportions were not different when compared within species to 4 of 28 (14.3%) cats and 16 of 98 (16.3%) dogs with aniscocoria with a single tick located on the head and neck region (P = 1 and 0.56 respectively). Anisocoria arose from pupillary efferent dysfunction and included unilateral oculoparasympathetic dysfunction (internal ophthalmoplegia) in one dog, unilateral oculosympathetic dysfunction (Horner's syndrome) in one cat and one dog, and a combination of bilateral, but asymmetric, oculosympathetic and oculoparasympathetic dysfunction in one cat and one dog.
CONCLUSION
It is proposed that anisocoria in cases of TP with a tick located remote from the head and neck is due to an intrinsic latent asymmetry in the safety factor for pupillary efferent function that is unmasked by a systemically distributed holocyclotoxin inhibiting neural transmission within this system, and this is the prevailing pathomechanism, rather than a direct local effect, underscoring anisocoria with a tick located on the head or neck.
期刊介绍:
Over the past 80 years, the Australian Veterinary Journal (AVJ) has been providing the veterinary profession with leading edge clinical and scientific research, case reports, reviews. news and timely coverage of industry issues. AJV is Australia''s premier veterinary science text and is distributed monthly to over 5,500 Australian Veterinary Association members and subscribers.