在非精神病样本中,工作记忆能力与童年创伤有关,但与类似精神病的经历无关。

IF 2.7 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY
Arielle Ered, Charlotte A Chun, Kathleen J O'Brien, Gina M Creatura, Lauren M Ellman
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:本项目旨在阐明童年创伤和类精神病经历(PLEs)对工作记忆(WM)的影响,并探讨这些关系中的性别差异。尽管童年创伤、精神病谱系症状和工作记忆表现之间存在一致的联系,但童年创伤对工作记忆表现的影响尚未在类精神病经历者中进行探讨:方法:我们对 466 名本科生的阳性 PLEs(前驱症状问卷)和创伤(童年创伤问卷)进行了研究,以确定其对空间回溯任务中 WM 表现的影响。我们对所有样本进行了分层线性回归,并按性别进行了分层,以研究童年创伤、积极的前驱性学习障碍和它们之间的相互作用对 WM 表现的影响。补充分析探讨了减弱的消极和混乱症状:在控制年龄的前提下,积极的 PLEs、童年创伤、它们之间的交互作用或包括性别在内的三方交互作用对预测 WM 没有显著的主效应。按性别分层后,只有女性的童年创伤与较差的 WM 显著相关。事后分析表明,在全部样本中,身体忽视可预测女性的 WM 表现,并且是一种趋势,而性虐待则可预测男性的 WM 表现。对减弱的消极症状和混乱症状的补充分析表明,在全部样本中,童年创伤对WM有显著的预测作用,而在消极症状方面,仅对女性有显著的预测作用:结论:经历过童年创伤的女性可能面临更大的WM问题风险,无论是否同时存在PLEs,这表明认知困难可能部分归因于创伤史。这些发现对创伤暴露人群的干预策略具有潜在的影响。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA,保留所有权利)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Working memory performance is related to childhood trauma but not psychotic-like experiences in a nonpsychiatric sample.

Objective: This project seeks to clarify the impact of childhood trauma and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) on working memory (WM) and explore gender differences in these relationships. The effect of childhood trauma on WM performance has yet to be explored in individuals with PLEs, despite consistent associations between trauma, psychosis spectrum symptoms, and WM performance.

Method: In 466 undergraduates, positive PLEs (Prodromal Questionnaire) and trauma (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire) were examined to determine contributions to WM performance on a spatial n-back task. We conducted hierarchical linear regressions on the total sample and stratified by gender to examine the effects of childhood trauma, positive PLEs, and their interaction on WM performance. Supplemental analyses explored attenuated negative and disorganized symptoms.

Results: Controlling for age, there were no significant main effects of positive PLEs, childhood trauma, their interaction, or three-way interaction including gender in predicting WM. After stratifying by gender, childhood trauma was significantly associated with poorer WM in females only. Post hoc analyses revealed that in the full sample, physical neglect predicted WM performance and was a trend for females, while sexual abuse trended toward predicting WM in males. Supplemental analyses of attenuated negative and disorganized symptoms revealed childhood trauma significantly predicted WM in the full sample and females only for negative symptoms.

Conclusions: Females who have experienced childhood trauma may be at greater risk for WM problems, irrespective of co-occurring PLEs, suggesting that cognitive difficulties may be partially attributable to history of trauma. These findings have potential implications for intervention strategies in trauma-exposed individuals. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.20
自引率
3.20%
发文量
427
期刊介绍: Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy publishes empirical research on the psychological effects of trauma. The journal is intended to be a forum for an interdisciplinary discussion on trauma, blending science, theory, practice, and policy. The journal publishes empirical research on a wide range of trauma-related topics, including: -Psychological treatments and effects -Promotion of education about effects of and treatment for trauma -Assessment and diagnosis of trauma -Pathophysiology of trauma reactions -Health services (delivery of services to trauma populations) -Epidemiological studies and risk factor studies -Neuroimaging studies -Trauma and cultural competence
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