Effects of different types of electrolyzed waters on rheological characteristics of dough and quality properties of bread.

Water is an ingredient of considerable importance in bread dough. Effects of four different types of electrolyzed water (Anolyte NaCl, Catholyte NaCl, Anolyte Na₂CO₃, Catholyte Na₂CO₃) on quality characteristics of bread were investigated. For this aim, rheological and textural analysis of bread doughs and color, physical properties, water activity, moisture content, antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, texture profile analysis, and micrographic analysis of bread samples were performed. Electrolyzed water affected quality characteristics of dough and bread samples significantly (p < 0.05). Anolyte Na₂CO₃ increased the water-holding capacity of the dough from 60 ± 0.05 to 66 ± 0.07. The bread samples prepared with Anolyte Na₂CO₃ (363 ± 1.70) and Catholyte Na₂CO₃ (346 ± 1.61) electrolyzed water has higher loaf volume than the bread samples prepared with Anolyte NaCl (320 ± 1.00) and Catholyte NaCl (310 ± 1.52) electrolyzed water and control bread (270 ± 1.04) (p < 0.05). Electrolyzed water also increased the antioxidant activity (23.62 ± 0.05% inhibition) and total phenolic content (460.61 ± 2.12 GAE/100 g) of bread samples. The results of this study may be evidence that using electrolyzed water can improve the quality characteristics of bread.