Sensitivity for Change Analyses of the Patient-Reported Outcomes in Obesity (PROS) Questionnaire: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: Many patients seeking bariatric surgery experience reduced health-related quality of life (HRQOL). A simple clinical tool, the Patient-Reported Outcomes in Obesity (PROS), was developed to address patients' HRQOL concerns during clinical consultations and facilitate meaningful dialogue. The present study aims to explore its sensitivity to change.

Patients and methods: A prospective study of patients undergoing bariatric surgery was conducted. The patients responded to items on the PROS and the Obesity-related Problems Scale (OP) before surgery and three, 12 and 24 months after surgery. Longitudinal mixed-effects models were applied to estimate the change in PROS and OP scores over time.

Results: Thirty-eight patients were included. A significant change over time was detected for the PROS with the largest effect size at 24 months (effect size -1.34, p ˂ 0.001), while the corresponding effect size for the OP was -1.32 (p ˂ 0.001). In all items of the PROS, the majority of patients responded not bothered at 24 months. The items physical activity, pain, sleep and self-esteem showed the largest change in the percentage of patients reporting not bothered from baseline to 24 months after surgery.

Conclusion: The PROS is sensitive to change over time and may be used as a brief, easy to administer tool to facilitate a conversation about obesity-specific quality of life in clinical consultations.