检测病毒病原体的不可知论测序。

IF 19 1区 医学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY
Clinical Microbiology Reviews Pub Date : 2023-03-23 Epub Date: 2023-02-27 DOI:10.1128/cmr.00119-22
Nick P G Gauthier, Samuel D Chorlton, Mel Krajden, Amee R Manges
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引用次数: 0

摘要

下一代测序(NGS)技术的出现扩大了我们检测和分析微生物基因组的能力,并为传染病诊断提供了新的分子方法。尽管近年来,几种基于靶向多重PCR和NGS的检测方法已在公共卫生环境中广泛使用,但这些靶向方法的局限性在于,它们仍然依赖于病原体基因组的先验知识,并且不会检测到未靶向或未知的病原体。最近的公共卫生危机强调,有必要在疫情爆发之初,为广泛快速部署不可知的诊断分析做好准备,以确保对新出现的病毒病原体做出有效反应。宏基因组技术可以对样本中所有可检测核酸进行非特异性测序,因此不依赖于病原体基因组的先验知识。虽然这项技术已被用于细菌诊断,并被用于检测和表征病毒的研究环境,但病毒宏基因组学尚未作为临床实验室的诊断工具广泛应用。在这篇综述中,我们强调了宏基因组病毒测序性能的最新改进、宏基因组测序在临床实验室的当前应用,以及阻碍该技术广泛采用的挑战。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Agnostic Sequencing for Detection of Viral Pathogens.

The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies has expanded our ability to detect and analyze microbial genomes and has yielded novel molecular approaches for infectious disease diagnostics. While several targeted multiplex PCR and NGS-based assays have been widely used in public health settings in recent years, these targeted approaches are limited in that they still rely on a priori knowledge of a pathogen's genome, and an untargeted or unknown pathogen will not be detected. Recent public health crises have emphasized the need to prepare for a wide and rapid deployment of an agnostic diagnostic assay at the start of an outbreak to ensure an effective response to emerging viral pathogens. Metagenomic techniques can nonspecifically sequence all detectable nucleic acids in a sample and therefore do not rely on prior knowledge of a pathogen's genome. While this technology has been reviewed for bacterial diagnostics and adopted in research settings for the detection and characterization of viruses, viral metagenomics has yet to be widely deployed as a diagnostic tool in clinical laboratories. In this review, we highlight recent improvements to the performance of metagenomic viral sequencing, the current applications of metagenomic sequencing in clinical laboratories, as well as the challenges that impede the widespread adoption of this technology.

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来源期刊
Clinical Microbiology Reviews
Clinical Microbiology Reviews 医学-微生物学
CiteScore
54.20
自引率
0.50%
发文量
38
期刊介绍: Clinical Microbiology Reviews (CMR) is a journal that primarily focuses on clinical microbiology and immunology.It aims to provide readers with up-to-date information on the latest developments in these fields.CMR also presents the current state of knowledge in clinical microbiology and immunology.Additionally, the journal offers balanced and thought-provoking perspectives on controversial issues in these areas.
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