Chris Chow Li Tee, Mee Chee Chong, Viswanath Sundar, Chuen Leang Chok, Mohd Rizal Md Razali, Wee Kian Yeo, Olivier Girard
{"title":"运动强度和低氧暴露对跑步机跑步的生理、知觉和生物力学反应的影响。","authors":"Chris Chow Li Tee, Mee Chee Chong, Viswanath Sundar, Chuen Leang Chok, Mohd Rizal Md Razali, Wee Kian Yeo, Olivier Girard","doi":"10.1080/17461391.2022.2109066","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n <p>Acute physiological, perceptual and biomechanical consequences of manipulating both exercise intensity and hypoxic exposure during treadmill running were determined. On separate days, eleven trained individuals ran for 45 s (separated by 135 s of rest) on an instrumented treadmill at seven running speeds (8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 km.h<sup>−1</sup>) in normoxia (NM, FiO<sub>2</sub> = 20.9%), moderate hypoxia (MH, FiO<sub>2</sub> = 16.1%), high hypoxia (HH, FiO<sub>2</sub> = 14.1%) and severe hypoxia (SH, FiO<sub>2</sub> = 13.0%). Running mechanics were collected over 20 consecutive steps (i.e. after running ∼25 s), with concurrent assessment of physiological (heart rate and arterial oxygen saturation) and perceptual (overall perceived discomfort, difficulty breathing and leg discomfort) responses. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA (seven speeds × four conditions) were used. There was a speed × condition interaction for heart rate (<i>p</i> = 0.045, ηp<sup>2 </sup>=<sup> </sup>0.22), with lower values in NM, MH and HH compared to SH at 8 km.h<sup>−1</sup> (125 ± 12, 125 ± 11, 128 ± 12 vs 132 ± 10 b.min<sup>−1</sup>). Overall perceived discomfort (8 and 16 km.h<sup>−1</sup>; <i>p</i> = 0.019 and <i>p</i> = 0.007, ηp<sup>2 </sup>= 0.21, respectively) and perceived difficulty breathing (all speeds; <i>p</i> = 0.023, ηp<sup>2 </sup>= 0.37) were greater in SH compared to MH, whereas leg discomfort was not influenced by hypoxic exposure. Minimal difference was observed in the twelve kinetics/kinematics variables with hypoxia (<i>p</i> > 0.122; η<sub>p</sub><sup>2 </sup>= 0.19). Running at slower speeds in combination with severe hypoxia elevates physiological and perceptual responses without a corresponding increase in ground reaction forces.</p>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"23 8","pages":"1581-1590"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1080/17461391.2022.2109066","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Influence of exercise intensity and hypoxic exposure on physiological, perceptual and biomechanical responses to treadmill running\",\"authors\":\"Chris Chow Li Tee, Mee Chee Chong, Viswanath Sundar, Chuen Leang Chok, Mohd Rizal Md Razali, Wee Kian Yeo, Olivier Girard\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/17461391.2022.2109066\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n <p>Acute physiological, perceptual and biomechanical consequences of manipulating both exercise intensity and hypoxic exposure during treadmill running were determined. On separate days, eleven trained individuals ran for 45 s (separated by 135 s of rest) on an instrumented treadmill at seven running speeds (8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 km.h<sup>−1</sup>) in normoxia (NM, FiO<sub>2</sub> = 20.9%), moderate hypoxia (MH, FiO<sub>2</sub> = 16.1%), high hypoxia (HH, FiO<sub>2</sub> = 14.1%) and severe hypoxia (SH, FiO<sub>2</sub> = 13.0%). Running mechanics were collected over 20 consecutive steps (i.e. after running ∼25 s), with concurrent assessment of physiological (heart rate and arterial oxygen saturation) and perceptual (overall perceived discomfort, difficulty breathing and leg discomfort) responses. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA (seven speeds × four conditions) were used. There was a speed × condition interaction for heart rate (<i>p</i> = 0.045, ηp<sup>2 </sup>=<sup> </sup>0.22), with lower values in NM, MH and HH compared to SH at 8 km.h<sup>−1</sup> (125 ± 12, 125 ± 11, 128 ± 12 vs 132 ± 10 b.min<sup>−1</sup>). Overall perceived discomfort (8 and 16 km.h<sup>−1</sup>; <i>p</i> = 0.019 and <i>p</i> = 0.007, ηp<sup>2 </sup>= 0.21, respectively) and perceived difficulty breathing (all speeds; <i>p</i> = 0.023, ηp<sup>2 </sup>= 0.37) were greater in SH compared to MH, whereas leg discomfort was not influenced by hypoxic exposure. Minimal difference was observed in the twelve kinetics/kinematics variables with hypoxia (<i>p</i> > 0.122; η<sub>p</sub><sup>2 </sup>= 0.19). Running at slower speeds in combination with severe hypoxia elevates physiological and perceptual responses without a corresponding increase in ground reaction forces.</p>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":93999,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"European journal of sport science\",\"volume\":\"23 8\",\"pages\":\"1581-1590\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-08-22\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1080/17461391.2022.2109066\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"European journal of sport science\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1080/17461391.2022.2109066\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"European journal of sport science","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1080/17461391.2022.2109066","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Influence of exercise intensity and hypoxic exposure on physiological, perceptual and biomechanical responses to treadmill running
Acute physiological, perceptual and biomechanical consequences of manipulating both exercise intensity and hypoxic exposure during treadmill running were determined. On separate days, eleven trained individuals ran for 45 s (separated by 135 s of rest) on an instrumented treadmill at seven running speeds (8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 km.h−1) in normoxia (NM, FiO2 = 20.9%), moderate hypoxia (MH, FiO2 = 16.1%), high hypoxia (HH, FiO2 = 14.1%) and severe hypoxia (SH, FiO2 = 13.0%). Running mechanics were collected over 20 consecutive steps (i.e. after running ∼25 s), with concurrent assessment of physiological (heart rate and arterial oxygen saturation) and perceptual (overall perceived discomfort, difficulty breathing and leg discomfort) responses. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA (seven speeds × four conditions) were used. There was a speed × condition interaction for heart rate (p = 0.045, ηp2 =0.22), with lower values in NM, MH and HH compared to SH at 8 km.h−1 (125 ± 12, 125 ± 11, 128 ± 12 vs 132 ± 10 b.min−1). Overall perceived discomfort (8 and 16 km.h−1; p = 0.019 and p = 0.007, ηp2 = 0.21, respectively) and perceived difficulty breathing (all speeds; p = 0.023, ηp2 = 0.37) were greater in SH compared to MH, whereas leg discomfort was not influenced by hypoxic exposure. Minimal difference was observed in the twelve kinetics/kinematics variables with hypoxia (p > 0.122; ηp2 = 0.19). Running at slower speeds in combination with severe hypoxia elevates physiological and perceptual responses without a corresponding increase in ground reaction forces.