被子植物花粉衣壳前体的生物合成和运输

IF 15.8 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Yuyuan Qiao, Bingzhu Hou, Xiaoquan Qi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

花粉衣壳是花粉粒表面的疏水性混合物,在保护雄配子免受各种环境胁迫和微生物侵袭,以及在被子植物授粉过程中花粉与柱头相互作用方面起着重要作用。花粉被膜异常会导致湿敏基因雄性不育(HGMS),可用于两系杂交作物育种。尽管花粉衣壳具有重要功能,其突变体也具有应用前景,但很少有研究关注花粉衣壳的形成。本综述评估了不同类型花粉衣壳的形态、组成和功能。根据水稻和拟南芥花药壁和外皮的超微结构和发育过程,梳理了参与花粉衣壳前体生物合成的基因和蛋白质,以及可能的运输和调控过程。此外,还强调了当前的挑战和未来的展望,包括在杂交和植物分子育种中利用 HGMS 基因的潜在策略。花粉衣在保护植物雄配子方面非常重要。作者回顾了水稻和拟南芥中参与其生物合成、运输和调控过程的基因和蛋白质,并重点介绍了花粉衣缺失突变体在植物育种中的应用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Biosynthesis and transport of pollen coat precursors in angiosperms

Biosynthesis and transport of pollen coat precursors in angiosperms
The pollen coat is a hydrophobic mixture on the pollen grain surface, which plays an important role in protecting male gametes from various environmental stresses and microorganism attacks, and in pollen–stigma interactions during pollination in angiosperms. An abnormal pollen coat can result in humidity-sensitive genic male sterility (HGMS), which can be used in two-line hybrid crop breeding. Despite the crucial functions of the pollen coat and the application prospect of its mutants, few studies have focused on pollen coat formation. In this Review, the morphology, composition and function of different types of pollen coat are assessed. On the basis of the ultrastructure and development process of the anther wall and exine found in rice and Arabidopsis, the genes and proteins involved in the biosynthesis of pollen coat precursors and the possible transport and regulation process are sorted. Additionally, current challenges and future perspectives, including potential strategies utilizing HGMS genes in heterosis and plant molecular breeding, are highlighted. Pollen coat is important in protecting plant male gametes. The authors review genes and proteins involved in its biosynthesis, transport and regulation processes in rice and Arabidopsis, and highlight the usage of pollen coat-deficient mutants in plant breeding.
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来源期刊
Nature Plants
Nature Plants PLANT SCIENCES-
CiteScore
25.30
自引率
2.20%
发文量
196
期刊介绍: Nature Plants is an online-only, monthly journal publishing the best research on plants — from their evolution, development, metabolism and environmental interactions to their societal significance.
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