儿童期虐待与中年认知功能:社会支持和社会孤立作用的纵向研究。

IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES
Neuropsychology Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-29 DOI:10.1037/neu0000911
Molly Maxfield, Xuechen Li, Cathy Spatz Widom
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:儿童期虐待的负面后果已被充分记录在案,包括中年时执行功能较差和非语言推理。然而,并非所有有童年虐待史的成年人都表现出这些结果,这表明存在风险和保护因素。基于对社会变量在理解神经心理发展和功能方面重要性的日益增长的经验支持,我们研究了社会支持和社会孤立是否介导或调节童年虐待对中年认知功能的影响。方法:在一项前瞻性队列设计研究的背景下,对有儿童虐待史(0-11岁)的个体和人口统计学匹配的对照进行随访,并在成年后进行访谈。在青年期评估社会支持和孤立(Mage=29),在中年期评估认知功能(Mage=41)。结构方程建模用于中介,线性回归用于调节。结果:儿童期的虐待预示着更高水平的社会孤立,更低水平的社会支持和认知功能。只有社会孤立介导了童年虐待和中年认知功能之间的关系,而童年虐待与社会支持相互作用来预测中年的矩阵推理。社会支持对对照组有保护作用,但对那些被虐待的人没有保护作用。结论:社会孤立和社会支持在理解童年虐待如何影响中年认知功能方面发挥着不同的作用。更大的社会孤立预示着整体认知功能的缺陷更大,而社会支持的保护作用仅限于那些没有童年虐待史的人。讨论了临床意义。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2023 APA,保留所有权利)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Childhood maltreatment and midlife cognitive functioning: A longitudinal study of the roles of social support and social isolation.

Objective: Negative consequences of childhood maltreatment have been well-documented, including poorer executive functioning and nonverbal reasoning in midlife. However, not all adults with a history of childhood maltreatment manifest these outcomes, suggesting the presence of risk and protective factors. Based on growing empirical support for the importance of social variables in understanding neuropsychological development and functioning, we examined whether social support and social isolation mediate or moderate the effects of childhood maltreatment on cognitive functioning in midlife.

Method: In the context of a prospective cohort design study, individuals with documented histories of childhood maltreatment (ages 0-11 years) and demographically matched controls were followed up and interviewed in adulthood. Social support and isolation were assessed in young adulthood (Mage = 29), and cognitive functioning was assessed in midlife (Mage = 41). Structural equation modeling was used for mediation and linear regressions for moderation.

Results: Childhood maltreatment predicted higher levels of social isolation and lower levels of social support and cognitive functioning. Only social isolation mediated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and midlife cognitive functioning, whereas childhood maltreatment interacted with social support to predict Matrix Reasoning in midlife. Social support was protective for the control group but not for those maltreated.

Conclusions: Social isolation and social support play different roles in understanding how childhood maltreatment impacts midlife cognitive functioning. Greater social isolation predicts greater deficits in cognitive functioning overall, whereas the protective effects of social support are limited to those without a documented history of childhood maltreatment. Clinical implications are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

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来源期刊
Neuropsychology
Neuropsychology 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
4.20%
发文量
132
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Neuropsychology publishes original, empirical research; systematic reviews and meta-analyses; and theoretical articles on the relation between brain and human cognitive, emotional, and behavioral function.
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