聋人的未来是“开放”的未来吗?重新考虑反对聋人胚胎选择的开放未来论点。

IF 1.6 Q2 ETHICS
Monash Bioethics Review Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-24 DOI:10.1007/s40592-023-00175-x
Paul A Tubig
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引用次数: 0

摘要

反对使用植入前遗传学诊断来选择一个聋哑胚胎以创造一个聋哑儿童的一个突出的论点是,它侵犯了儿童享有开放未来的权利。本文对反对聋人胚胎选择的开放未来观点提出了挑战,批评其主要前提是聋人限制了儿童的机会范围,从而损害了他们未来的自主性。我认为,这个前提是不合理的,并且是由关于聋人的负面假设所支持的,这些假设是可疑的,需要进一步的论证。首先,对开放未来概念的现有解释无法证明失聪特征的贬值是固有的自主性减弱。其次,反对耳聋胚胎选择需要证明耳聋特征通常会限制与社会背景无关的机会范围。但这种分析忽视了自主性的重要社会和关系组成部分。由于这些原因,仅仅呼吁儿童拥有开放未来的权利并不能充分支持失聪胚胎选择是错误的结论。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Is a deaf future an "Open" future? Reconsidering the open future argument against deaf embryo selection.

One prominent argument against the use of preimplantation genetic diagnosis to select a deaf embryo with the aim of creating a deaf child is that it violates the child's right to an open future. This paper challenges the open future argument against deaf embryo selection, criticizing its major premise that deafness limits a child's opportunity range in ways that compromise their future autonomy. I argue that this premise is not justified and is supported by negative presumptions about deaf embodiments that are suspect and in need of further argumentation. First, available interpretations of the open future concept fail to justify the devaluation of deaf traits as inherently autonomy-diminishing. Second, arguing against deaf embryo selection requires demonstrating that a deaf trait generally constrains opportunity ranges independent of social context. But such analyses neglect important social and relational components of autonomy. For these reasons, merely appealing to the child's right to an open future does not sufficiently support the conclusion that deaf embryo selection is wrong.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
6.20%
发文量
16
期刊介绍: Monash Bioethics Review provides comprehensive coverage of traditional topics and emerging issues in bioethics. The Journal is especially concerned with empirically-informed philosophical bioethical analysis with policy relevance. Monash Bioethics Review also regularly publishes empirical studies providing explicit ethical analysis and/or with significant ethical or policy implications. Produced by the Monash University Centre for Human Bioethics since 1981 (originally as Bioethics News), Monash Bioethics Review is the oldest peer reviewed bioethics journal based in Australia–and one of the oldest bioethics journals in the world. An international forum for empirically-informed philosophical bioethical analysis with policy relevance. Includes empirical studies providing explicit ethical analysis and/or with significant ethical or policy implications. One of the oldest bioethics journals, produced by a world-leading bioethics centre. Publishes papers up to 13,000 words in length. Unique New Feature: All Articles Open for Commentary
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