家犬的静止脸效应:比较未经训练的家犬与训练有素的家犬和动物辅助干预犬。

IF 1.9 4区 心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Learning & Behavior Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-05 DOI:10.3758/s13420-023-00589-x
C Cavalli, M V Dzik, G Barrera, M Bentosela
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引用次数: 0

摘要

静止脸效应已在人类婴儿身上进行了广泛研究,它包括在突然中断与照料者的社交互动后,附属行为的减少和压力的增加。家犬(Canis familiaris)是显示这种效应的模范候选者,因为它们会与主人建立深厚的联系,种间社交互动对它们具有强化作用。这些研究的目的是评估伴侣犬是否会表现出静止脸部效应,以及在本体发育过程中的先前经历是否会调节这种效应。为此,研究 1 比较了不同训练水平的狗(未受训、中级和高级),而研究 2 则评估了参与动物辅助干预(AAI)的狗和伴侣犬(CD)。该过程以虚拟方式进行,包括三个持续 1 分钟的阶段:互动、静止脸部(主人突然变得无动于衷)和重聚(恢复互动)。在静止阶段,狗狗会减少与主人的亲近和接触,并增加乞讨和紧张行为。此外,在所有三个阶段都以相同方式继续互动的对照条件下,也没有观察到这种情况,这就排除了这些变化的其他解释。这些结果表明,狗经历静止脸部效应的方式与婴儿相似,这突出了种间社会互动对狗的价值。然而,狗的训练水平或参与 AAIs 的情况并不存在差异,这表明这是一种稳健的现象,似乎不易受本体发育经验的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Still-face effect in domestic dogs: comparing untrained with trained and animal assisted interventions dogs.

Still-face effect in domestic dogs: comparing untrained with trained and animal assisted interventions dogs.

The still-face effect has been extensively studied in human infants and comprises the reduction in affiliative behaviors and increased stress that occurs after a sudden interruption of social interaction with a caregiver. Domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) are model candidates for showing this effect, as they form deep bonds with their owners and interspecific social interaction is reinforcing to them. The aim of these studies was to assess if companion dogs exhibit the still-face effect and whether prior experiences during ontogeny modulate this effect. To this end, Study 1 compared dogs with different levels of training (untrained, intermediate, and advanced), while Study 2 assessed dogs that participated in Animal Assisted Interventions (AAIs) and companion dogs (CDs). The procedure was carried out virtually and comprised three phases lasting 1 min: interaction, still-face (the owner turned suddenly indifferent), and reunion (the interaction was resumed). Dogs exhibited a decrease in proximity to and contact with the owner, as well as an increase in begging and stress behaviors during the still-face phase. Moreover, this was not observed in a control condition in which the interaction continued in the same way during all three phases, discarding alternative explanations for these changes. These results show that dogs experience a still-face effect in a similar way to infants, highlighting the value interspecific social interaction has for dogs. Nevertheless, the absence of differences according to their training level or participation in AAIs suggests this is a robust phenomenon, which appears to be less susceptible to the influences of ontogenetic experiences.

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来源期刊
Learning & Behavior
Learning & Behavior 医学-动物学
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
5.60%
发文量
50
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Learning & Behavior publishes experimental and theoretical contributions and critical reviews concerning fundamental processes of learning and behavior in nonhuman and human animals. Topics covered include sensation, perception, conditioning, learning, attention, memory, motivation, emotion, development, social behavior, and comparative investigations.
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