Effectiveness of Meaning-Centered Coaching on the Job of Oncology Nurses on Spiritual Care Competences: A Participatory Action Research Approach.

Background: Nurses' competences in providing spiritual care can increase quality of care for and quality of life of patients with cancer and job satisfaction but are often suboptimal. Training to improve this mostly takes place off-site, although implementation in daily care practice is key.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to implement a meaning-centered coaching on the job intervention and to measure its effects on oncology nurses' spiritual care competences and job satisfaction, and factors influencing this.

Methods: A participatory action research approach was adopted. Mixed methods were used to assess intervention effects in which nurses of an oncology ward in a Dutch academic hospital participated. Spiritual care competences and job satisfaction were quantitatively measured and complemented with content analysis of qualitative data.

Results: Thirty nurses participated. A significant increase in spiritual care competences was found, particularly regarding communication, personal support, and professionalization. More self-reported awareness of personal experiences in caring for patients, and an increase in mutual communication and involvement around meaning-centered care provision as a team were found. Mediating factors were related to nurses' attitudes, support structures, and professional relations. No significant impact was found on job satisfaction.

Conclusion: Meaning-centered coaching on the job increased oncology nurses' spiritual care competences. Nurses developed a more exploratory attitude in their communication with patients-instead of acting based on their own assumptions about what is of meaning.

Implications for practice: Attention to and improving spiritual care competences should be integrated into existing work structures, and terminology used should match existing understandings and sentiments.