{"title":"猴痘:2022 年疫情回顾。","authors":"Eleanor Y Lim, James Whitehorn, Lucy Rivett","doi":"10.1093/bmb/ldad002","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In May 2022, the World Health Organisation declared a multi-country monkeypox outbreak in non-endemic countries following cases reported from 12 member states that were not endemic for monkeypox virus.</p><p><strong>Sources of data: </strong>Pubmed search.</p><p><strong>Areas of agreement: </strong>The virology, epidemiology, transmission, incubation and aspects of infection control are described. Clinical features of previous and current outbreaks are described, with growing observations that the current outbreak presents with clinical features distinct from previous outbreaks.</p><p><strong>Areas of controversy: </strong>There are variations in clinical presentations seen in the current outbreak that have not been seen in prior outbreaks. More research is needed to investigate the reasons for these differences.</p><p><strong>Growing points: </strong>The higher numbers of HIV-positive patients in the current outbreak has allowed better description of the disease in patients co-infected with HIV and monkeypox. The absence of more severe symptoms in HIV-positive patients in the current outbreak could possibly be due to the fact that most of these patients had well-controlled HIV, although further characterization of this cohort of patients would be useful.</p><p><strong>Areas for developing research: </strong>Current treatment and vaccination options have been extrapolated from studies of other Orthopox viruses. There remains a need for more data on the safety and efficacy of these options in the context of monkeypox infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":9280,"journal":{"name":"British medical bulletin","volume":"145 1","pages":"17-29"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7000,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Monkeypox: a review of the 2022 outbreak.\",\"authors\":\"Eleanor Y Lim, James Whitehorn, Lucy Rivett\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/bmb/ldad002\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In May 2022, the World Health Organisation declared a multi-country monkeypox outbreak in non-endemic countries following cases reported from 12 member states that were not endemic for monkeypox virus.</p><p><strong>Sources of data: </strong>Pubmed search.</p><p><strong>Areas of agreement: </strong>The virology, epidemiology, transmission, incubation and aspects of infection control are described. Clinical features of previous and current outbreaks are described, with growing observations that the current outbreak presents with clinical features distinct from previous outbreaks.</p><p><strong>Areas of controversy: </strong>There are variations in clinical presentations seen in the current outbreak that have not been seen in prior outbreaks. More research is needed to investigate the reasons for these differences.</p><p><strong>Growing points: </strong>The higher numbers of HIV-positive patients in the current outbreak has allowed better description of the disease in patients co-infected with HIV and monkeypox. The absence of more severe symptoms in HIV-positive patients in the current outbreak could possibly be due to the fact that most of these patients had well-controlled HIV, although further characterization of this cohort of patients would be useful.</p><p><strong>Areas for developing research: </strong>Current treatment and vaccination options have been extrapolated from studies of other Orthopox viruses. There remains a need for more data on the safety and efficacy of these options in the context of monkeypox infections.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":9280,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"British medical bulletin\",\"volume\":\"145 1\",\"pages\":\"17-29\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":6.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-04-05\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"1\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"British medical bulletin\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldad002\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"Medicine\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"British medical bulletin","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldad002","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Medicine","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
摘要
导言:2022年5月,世界卫生组织宣布在非猴痘流行国爆发多国猴痘疫情,此前有12个非猴痘流行国报告了病例:数据来源:Pubmed 搜索:描述了病毒学、流行病学、传播、潜伏期和感染控制的各个方面。描述了以往和当前疫情的临床特征,越来越多的观察结果表明,当前疫情的临床特征与以往疫情不同:本次疫情的临床表现与以往疫情不同。需要进行更多的研究来探究这些差异的原因:在本次疫情中,HIV 阳性患者的人数较多,这有助于更好地描述同时感染 HIV 和猴痘的患者的病情。在本次疫情中,HIV 阳性患者没有出现更严重的症状,这可能是因为大多数患者的 HIV 感染情况得到了很好的控制:目前的治疗和疫苗接种方案是根据对其他口蹄疫病毒的研究推断出来的。在猴痘感染的情况下,仍然需要更多有关这些方案的安全性和有效性的数据。
Introduction: In May 2022, the World Health Organisation declared a multi-country monkeypox outbreak in non-endemic countries following cases reported from 12 member states that were not endemic for monkeypox virus.
Sources of data: Pubmed search.
Areas of agreement: The virology, epidemiology, transmission, incubation and aspects of infection control are described. Clinical features of previous and current outbreaks are described, with growing observations that the current outbreak presents with clinical features distinct from previous outbreaks.
Areas of controversy: There are variations in clinical presentations seen in the current outbreak that have not been seen in prior outbreaks. More research is needed to investigate the reasons for these differences.
Growing points: The higher numbers of HIV-positive patients in the current outbreak has allowed better description of the disease in patients co-infected with HIV and monkeypox. The absence of more severe symptoms in HIV-positive patients in the current outbreak could possibly be due to the fact that most of these patients had well-controlled HIV, although further characterization of this cohort of patients would be useful.
Areas for developing research: Current treatment and vaccination options have been extrapolated from studies of other Orthopox viruses. There remains a need for more data on the safety and efficacy of these options in the context of monkeypox infections.
期刊介绍:
British Medical Bulletin is a multidisciplinary publication, which comprises high quality reviews aimed at generalist physicians, junior doctors, and medical students in both developed and developing countries.
Its key aims are to provide interpretations of growing points in medicine by trusted experts in the field, and to assist practitioners in incorporating not just evidence but new conceptual ways of thinking into their practice.