Pulse Capacitive Coupling Electric Field Regulates Cell Migration, Proliferation, Polarization, and Vascularization to Accelerate Wound Healing.

Objectives: Accelerating wound healing using continuous exogenous electrical stimulation is limited due to some serious side effects, including thermal damage. Many previous studies based on direct current contact stimulation may cause chemical burns or blisters, thereby increasing patients suffering. The aim of this study was to develop a safer and more convenient pulse capacitive coupling electrical field (PCCEF) stimulation to accelerate wound healing. Approach: A PCCEF-generating platform was self-designed to facilitate wound healing. The promoting effects and appropriate pulse width were explored by applying PCCEFs (54 mV/mm, 60 Hz) of different pulse widths to various cells involved in wound healing and mouse models for 2 h daily. Results: PCCEFs of ≥10 μs pulse width showed marked promotion of the migration and proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts and HaCaT cells, enhanced the M2-type polarization and YPA/TAZ expression of macrophages, and facilitated the wound healing of mouse models. Comprehensive histological results suggested that PCCEF of 100 μs pulse width exerted the most positive effects. Innovation: A safe and effective PCCEF was developed to promote wound healing, which prevented prolonged stimulation and averted direct contact. Conclusion: PCCEF accelerated wound healing, especially at the optimal 100 μs pulse width, and was expected to be translated to clinical application, helping alleviate patient suffering, while reducing side effects.