Thyroid Dysfunction: An Alternate Plausibility in Perimenopausal Women!

Introduction: Perimenopause phase of a woman's life is featured by decline in the ovarian activity, predisposing her to several health consequences. The signs and symptoms of thyroid disorders simulate those of menopausal features which may go unnoticed and can cause untoward complications in these women.

Aims and objective: The primary objective is to screen women of perimenopausal age for thyroid disorders. The secondary objective is to examine the variations in thyroid hormone levels in these women with advancing age.

Materials and methods: One hundred and forty-eight apparently healthy women between the age group of 46 and 55 years were study subjects. They were divided into, Group I which constituted women between 46 and 50 years and Group II consisted of women between 51 and 55 years. Thyroid profile comprising serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), serum total triiodothyronine (T₃), and serum total thyroxine (T₄) were estimated for all the women recruited in the study.

Results: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and overt hypothyroidism (OH) were detected in 22 and 8 women who constituted 14.9% and 5.4%, respectively, of the total women populace. In Group I, it was noted that 17.1% and 1.8% of women were suffering from SCH and OH, respectively. In Group II, while 8.1% of the women had SCH, 16.2% of women had progressed to OH. TSH levels were significantly higher (P = 0.002) in women of Group II than in Group I, suggesting increase in TSH levels with advancing age.

Conclusion: Screening of perimenopausal women for thyroid disorders will assure timely detection and proper management which will aid in reducing the morbidity and associated complications.