三种海洋真菌在主要细胞类型中的大分子组成和底物范围。

Seth Thomas, Sabine K Lengger, Kimberley E Bird, Ro Allen, Michael Cunliffe
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引用次数: 4

摘要

海洋真菌以三种主要的细胞类型存在:单细胞酵母菌、丝状菌丝和游动孢子的早期分化形式,如壶菌。为了开始了解这些细胞类型在其他浮游生物群体的更广泛背景下的生态和生物地球化学影响,必须评估所有三种细胞类型的细胞大小和大分子组成。利用质量平衡培养方法,我们描述了三种模式海洋真菌(酵母Metschnikowia zobellii,丝状表皮菌nigrum和壶菌Rhizophydium littoreum)在底物吸收和随后大分子分布方面的定量差异。我们通过荟萃分析将这些模型细胞类型与特定生物技术兴趣的精选产油浮游植物进行了比较。我们假设真菌细胞类型将保持彼此之间显著不同的大分子组成,并进一步代表浮游细菌和浮游植物在更高营养水平上的替代放牧物质。利用表型阵列评估碳底物范围和利用表明,海洋真菌具有广泛的底物范围。真菌也将有机物加工成高脂大分子组成,蛋白质含量降低。由于与其他浮游生物相比,真菌的体积和脂肪成分增加,我们认为真菌在海洋生态系统中代表了一种成分独特、能量丰富的放牧资源。我们提出海洋真菌可以作为有机物质跨营养边界转移的载体,并补充我们对海洋生态系统中微生物环和碳转移的现有认识。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Macromolecular composition and substrate range of three marine fungi across major cell types.

Macromolecular composition and substrate range of three marine fungi across major cell types.

Macromolecular composition and substrate range of three marine fungi across major cell types.

Macromolecular composition and substrate range of three marine fungi across major cell types.

Marine fungi exist as three major cell types: unicellular yeasts, filamentous hyphae and zoosporic early-diverging forms, such as the Chytridiomycota (chytrids). To begin to understand the ecological and biogeochemical influence of these cell types within the wider context of other plankton groups, cell size and macromolecular composition must be assessed across all three cell types. Using a mass-balance approach to culture, we describe quantitative differences in substrate uptake and subsequent macromolecular distribution in three model marine fungi: the yeast Metschnikowia zobellii, the filamentous Epicoccum nigrum and chytrid Rhizophydium littoreum. We compared these model cell types with select oleaginous phytoplankton of specific biotechnological interest through metanalysis. We hypothesise that fungal cell types will maintain a significantly different macromolecular composition to one another and further represent an alternative grazing material to bacterioplankton and phytoplankton for higher trophic levels. Assessment of carbon substrate range and utilisation using phenotype arrays suggests that marine fungi have a wide substrate range. Fungi also process organic matter to an elevated-lipid macromolecular composition with reduced-protein content. Because of their size and increased lipid composition compared to other plankton groups, we propose that fungi represent a compositionally distinct, energy-rich grazing resource in marine ecosystems. We propose that marine fungi could act as vectors of organic matter transfer across trophic boundaries, and supplement our existing understanding of the microbial loop and carbon transfer in marine ecosystems.

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