M. Rolo , B. González-Blanco , C.A. Reyes , N. Rosillo , P. López-Roa
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引用次数: 1
摘要
结核病是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。尽管缺乏有关流行病学、临床或微生物因素的信息，但在世界范围内，肺外结核病占病例的比例越来越大。方法对2016 - 2021年诊断的肺结核病例进行回顾性观察研究，分为肺结核和肺外结核。采用单变量和多变量logistic回归模型对肺结核的危险因素进行分析。结果肺结核发病率为20.9%，由2016年的22.6%上升至2021年的27.9%。淋巴结核占50.6%，胸膜结核占24.1%。外籍患者占55.4%。92.8%肺外病例微生物培养呈阳性。Logistic回归分析显示，老年患者(≥65岁)(aOR 2.47, 95% CI 1.19-5.13)和既往有结核病史的患者(aOR 4.99, 95% CI 1.40-17.82)、女性更容易发生肺外结核(aOR 2.46, 95% CI 1.45-4.20)。结论本研究期间肺外结核病例有所增加。2021年结核病病例大幅下降，可能是由于COVID-19。在我们的研究中，妇女、老年人和有结核病史的人患肺外结核病的风险更高。
Epidemiology and factors associated with Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in a Low-prevalence area
Background
Tuberculosis is a global public health problem. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis accounts for an increasing proportion of cases worldwide, although information about epidemiological, clinical, or microbiological factors is lacking.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective observational study of tuberculosis cases diagnosed between 2016 and 2021, classified into Pulmonary and Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate risk factors of Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis.
Results
20.9% of overall cases were classified as Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, with a rising trend from 22.6% in 2016 to 27.9% in 2021. Lymphatic tuberculosis accounted for 50.6% of cases, followed by pleural tuberculosis (24.1%). 55.4% of cases belonged to foreign-born patients. Microbiological culture tested positive in 92.8% of Extra-pulmonary cases. Logistic regression analysis showed that women were more predisposed to develop Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (aOR 2.46, 95% CI 1.45–4.20) as well as elderly patients (aged ≥ 65 years) (aOR 2.47, 95% CI 1.19–5.13) and persons with previous history of tuberculosis (4.99, 95% CI 1.40–17.82).
Conclusions
Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis have increased within our study period. A profound decline occurred in 2021 tuberculosis cases, probably due to COVID-19. Women, elderly population, and persons with previous history of tuberculosis are at higher risk of developing Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in our setting.
期刊介绍：
Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Mycobacterial Diseases aims to provide a forum for clinically relevant articles on all aspects of tuberculosis and other mycobacterial infections, including (but not limited to) epidemiology, clinical investigation, transmission, diagnosis, treatment, drug-resistance and public policy, and encourages the submission of clinical studies, thematic reviews and case reports. Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Mycobacterial Diseases is an Open Access publication.
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