Peter Martin, Yasuyuki Gondo, Gina Lee, John L Woodard, L Steven Miller, Leonard W Poon
{"title":"高龄老人的认知储备和认知功能：佐治亚州百岁老人研究的结果。","authors":"Peter Martin, Yasuyuki Gondo, Gina Lee, John L Woodard, L Steven Miller, Leonard W Poon","doi":"10.1080/0361073X.2022.2106717","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Living a long life does not guarantee the maintenance of optimal cognitive functioning; however, similar to older adults in general, cognitive reserve may also protect oldest-old adults from cognitive decline. The purpose of this study was to assess cognitive reserve among centenarians and octogenarians and to evaluate a process model of cognitive reserve.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 321 centenarians and octogenarians from the Georgia Centenarian Study were included in this study. Cognitive reserve components included level of education, occupational responsibility, current social engagement, past engaged lifestyle, and activity. Cognitive functioning was measured with the Mini-Mental Status Examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Structural equation modeling was computed, and the overall model fit well, χ2 (df = 3) = 5.02, p = .17; CFI = .99, RMSEA = .05. Education is directly and indirectly related to cognitive functioning through occupational responsibility and past engaged lifestyle. Current social engagement is related to cognitive functioning directly and indirectly through current activities. The four direct predictors (i.e., education, current social engagement, current activity, and past engaged lifestyle) explained 35% of the variance in cognitive functioning.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results provide important information for cognitive reserve theories with implications for interventions that build cognitive reserve.</p>","PeriodicalId":12240,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Aging Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9899291/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Cognitive Reserve and Cognitive Functioning among Oldest Old Adults: Findings from the Georgia Centenarian Study.\",\"authors\":\"Peter Martin, Yasuyuki Gondo, Gina Lee, John L Woodard, L Steven Miller, Leonard W Poon\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/0361073X.2022.2106717\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Living a long life does not guarantee the maintenance of optimal cognitive functioning; however, similar to older adults in general, cognitive reserve may also protect oldest-old adults from cognitive decline. The purpose of this study was to assess cognitive reserve among centenarians and octogenarians and to evaluate a process model of cognitive reserve.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 321 centenarians and octogenarians from the Georgia Centenarian Study were included in this study. Cognitive reserve components included level of education, occupational responsibility, current social engagement, past engaged lifestyle, and activity. Cognitive functioning was measured with the Mini-Mental Status Examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Structural equation modeling was computed, and the overall model fit well, χ2 (df = 3) = 5.02, p = .17; CFI = .99, RMSEA = .05. Education is directly and indirectly related to cognitive functioning through occupational responsibility and past engaged lifestyle. Current social engagement is related to cognitive functioning directly and indirectly through current activities. The four direct predictors (i.e., education, current social engagement, current activity, and past engaged lifestyle) explained 35% of the variance in cognitive functioning.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results provide important information for cognitive reserve theories with implications for interventions that build cognitive reserve.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12240,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Experimental Aging Research\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-07-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9899291/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Experimental Aging Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/0361073X.2022.2106717\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2022/8/5 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Experimental Aging Research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0361073X.2022.2106717","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2022/8/5 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Cognitive Reserve and Cognitive Functioning among Oldest Old Adults: Findings from the Georgia Centenarian Study.
Objectives: Living a long life does not guarantee the maintenance of optimal cognitive functioning; however, similar to older adults in general, cognitive reserve may also protect oldest-old adults from cognitive decline. The purpose of this study was to assess cognitive reserve among centenarians and octogenarians and to evaluate a process model of cognitive reserve.
Methods: A total of 321 centenarians and octogenarians from the Georgia Centenarian Study were included in this study. Cognitive reserve components included level of education, occupational responsibility, current social engagement, past engaged lifestyle, and activity. Cognitive functioning was measured with the Mini-Mental Status Examination.
Results: Structural equation modeling was computed, and the overall model fit well, χ2 (df = 3) = 5.02, p = .17; CFI = .99, RMSEA = .05. Education is directly and indirectly related to cognitive functioning through occupational responsibility and past engaged lifestyle. Current social engagement is related to cognitive functioning directly and indirectly through current activities. The four direct predictors (i.e., education, current social engagement, current activity, and past engaged lifestyle) explained 35% of the variance in cognitive functioning.
Conclusion: The results provide important information for cognitive reserve theories with implications for interventions that build cognitive reserve.
期刊介绍：
Experimental Aging Research is a life span developmental and aging journal dealing with research on the aging process from a psychological and psychobiological perspective. It meets the need for a scholarly journal with refereed scientific papers dealing with age differences and age changes at any point in the adult life span. Areas of major focus include experimental psychology, neuropsychology, psychobiology, work research, ergonomics, and behavioral medicine. Original research, book reviews, monographs, and papers covering special topics are published.
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