通过微型计算机断层扫描推断物种的骨骼归属:智人与美洲熊第三跖骨的比较

Janna M. Andronowski, Reed A. Davis, Hannah E. Stephen
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引用次数: 1

摘要

人类的手/脚骨骼和熊掌之间的明显相似之处已经得到了充分的证明。宏观骨骼分析提供了对物种起源的洞察,当整个骨头被恢复,但往往被认为是不适用的骨头碎片。在这些情况下,通常应用组织学技术;然而,针对熊骨微观结构量化的具体研究仍然很少。我们假设熊皮质骨微结构的3D分析提供了一种更具代表性和更准确的方法来从破碎的后跖骨推断骨骼归属于物种。方法包括使用微计算机断层扫描(µCT)可视化和定量骨微结构参数。使用3D分析对成熟黑熊和人类的第三跖骨进行了评估。微型ct实验是在阿克伦大学的实验室x射线系统上进行的。重建投影,并在每个骨样本中识别出感兴趣的圆柱形体积(VOIs)。voi内测量的变量包括:总容积(TV)、管总容积(Ca.V)、管数(Ca.N)、管平均直径(Ca.Dm)和皮质孔隙度(Ca.V/TV)。物种间t检验显示,Ca.N和Ca.Dm在人和熊的后跖骨中存在显著差异。定性特征包括骨带和吸收沟在熊跖骨中更为普遍。本研究的3D数据是非破坏性的,揭示了实验室微CT作为人类学家多样化和新颖工具的有用性。结果显示人类和黑熊第三跖骨之间存在差异,支持微观结构比较对于人类和熊的跖骨碎片鉴定是必要的假设。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Inferring bone attribution to species through micro-Computed Tomography: A comparison of third metapodials from Homo sapiens and Ursus americanus

Gross similarities between human hand/foot bones and bear paws have been well-documented. Macroscopic skeletal analyses provide insight into species origin when whole bones are recovered but are frequently rendered inapplicable when bones are fragmented. In these scenarios, histological techniques are often applied; though specific research focusing on the quantification of bear bone microstructure remains scarce. We hypothesized that 3D analysis of bear cortical bone microarchitecture provides a more representative and accurate means to infer bone attribution to species from fragmented metapodials. Methods included visualizing and quantifying bone microstructural parameters using micro-Computed Tomography (µCT). Third metacarpals and metatarsals from mature black bears and humans were assessed using 3D analyses. Micro-CT experiments were carried out using a laboratory X-ray system at The University of Akron. Projections were reconstructed and cylindrical Volumes of Interest (VOIs) were identified within each bone sample. Variables measured within the VOIs included: total volume (TV), total canal volume (Ca.V), canal number (Ca.N), average canal diameter (Ca.Dm), and cortical porosity (Ca.V/TV). Between-species t-tests revealed that both Ca.N and Ca.Dm significantly differed between human and bear metapodials. Qualitative features including osteon banding and resorption bays were more prevalent in bear metapodials. The 3D data for this study were obtained non-destructively and reveal the usefulness of laboratory µCT as a diverse and novel tool for the anthropologist. Results demonstrated differences between the human and black bear third metapodials, supporting the hypothesis that a microstructural comparison is necessary for fragmentary bone identification of human and bear metapodials.

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来源期刊
Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging
Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING-
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1.70
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