用还是不用?为遗传诊断和研究目的获取死亡患者数据和样本的伦理分析。

IF 0.9 Q3 MEDICAL ETHICS
Mahshad Noroozi, Fatemeh Bahmani, Kazem Mousavizadeh, Saeedeh Saeedi Tehrani, Akram Hashemi, Mina Forouzandeh
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引用次数: 0

摘要

为诊断目的而对死者样本进行基因检测会影响家属的健康和生命,但在当今的医学和研究实践中引发了一些伦理问题。在本文中,我们解决了临床医生关于是否在一级亲属的要求下对已故患者的样本进行基因检测的常见伦理困境,反对患者在生命的最后几天的愿望。本文提出了一个真实的案例,与上述伦理挑战相呼应。回顾遗传基础的情况下,伦理争论的遗传材料的重用和反对在临床背景下进行了讨论。基于伊斯兰医学伦理资源,对该案件进行了伦理法律分析。由于在未经患者同意的情况下重复使用已死亡患者的样本,也给遗传学领域的研究人员带来了挑战,因此,关于在患者死后使用基因数据和样本进行研究的问题引发了争论。最后,定义了所述病例的特殊特征和正收益-风险比,得出结论,如果一级家庭成员坚持进行基因检测并全面了解其利弊,则重复使用患者样本可能是合理的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
To use or not to use? an ethical analysis of access to data and samples of a deceased patient for genetic diagnostic and research purposes.

Using genetic tests on deceased patients' samples for diagnostic purposes affects the family members' health and lives but raises some ethical issues in today's practice of medicine and research. In this paper, we address a common ethical dilemma of clinicians regarding whether to perform genetic tests on a deceased patient's sample upon a request from first-degree relatives against the patient's wishes in the last days of life. In this paper, a real case scenario is presented that echoes the above-mentioned ethical challenge. Reviewing the genetic basis of the case, the ethical arguments for and against the reuse of genetic material in a clinical context are discussed. An ethico-legal analysis of the case is proposed based on Islamic medical ethics resources. As reusing stored samples of expired patients without their consent also challenges the researchers in the field of genetics, a debate is included on the post-mortem use of genetic data and samples for research. Finally, defining the special features of the presented case and positive benefit-risk ratio, it is concluded that reusing the patient's sample may be justified if the first-degree family members insist on genetic testing and are comprehensively informed about the benefits and harms.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
23
审稿时长
23 weeks
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