Ancha Baranova, Yi Zhao, Hongbao Cao, Fuquan Zhang
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Causal associations between major depressive disorder and COVID-19.
Background: We aimed to evaluate whether major depressive disorder (MDD) could aggravate the outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or whether the genetic liability to COVID-19 could trigger MDD.
Aims: We aimed to assess bidirectional causal associations between MDD and COVID-19.
Methods: We performed genetic correlation and Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses to assess potential associations between MDD and three COVID-19 outcomes. Literature-based network analysis was conducted to construct molecular pathways connecting MDD and COVID-19.
Results: We found that MDD has positive genetic correlations with COVID-19 outcomes (rg: 0.10-0.15). Our MR analysis indicated that genetic liability to MDD is associated with increased risks of COVID-19 infection (odds ratio (OR)=1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00 to 1.10, p=0.039). However, genetic liability to the three COVID-19 outcomes did not confer any causal effects on MDD. Pathway analysis identified a panel of immunity-related genes that may mediate the links between MDD and COVID-19.
Conclusions: Our study suggests that MDD may increase the susceptibility to COVID-19. Our findings emphasise the need to increase social support and improve mental health intervention networks for people with mood disorders during the pandemic.
期刊介绍：
General Psychiatry (GPSYCH), an open-access journal established in 1959, has been a pioneer in disseminating leading psychiatry research. Addressing a global audience of psychiatrists and mental health professionals, the journal covers diverse topics and publishes original research, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, forums on topical issues, case reports, research methods in psychiatry, and a distinctive section on 'Biostatistics in Psychiatry'. The scope includes original articles on basic research, clinical research, community-based studies, and ecological studies, encompassing a broad spectrum of psychiatric interests.
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